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Puberphonia is a functional voice disorder [citation needed]. To rule out problems in the structure of the larynx as the cause of their voice issues, patients are often referred to otorhinolaryngologists for a physical examination of the larynx and vocal folds. Once physical pathologies are ruled out, a behavioural evaluation can occur. [6]
Spasmodic dysphonia, also known as laryngeal dystonia, is a disorder in which the muscles that generate a person's voice go into periods of spasm. [1] [2] This results in breaks or interruptions in the voice, often every few sentences, which can make a person difficult to understand. [1]
Voice disorders can be divided into two broad categories: organic and functional. [9] The distinction between these broad classes stems from their cause, whereby organic dysphonia results from some sort of physiological change in one of the subsystems of speech (for voice, usually respiration, laryngeal anatomy, and/or other parts of the vocal tract are affected).
Voice problems may result from the presence of vocal fold nodules. [13] They are diagnosed based on the presence of perceptual features not explicable by other causes. [13] Such symptoms include: vocal fatigue, breathiness, loss of high pitch notes, lack of vocal control, or increased phonatory effort (i.e. increased effort to produce speech). [13]
Voice disorders [1] are medical conditions involving abnormal pitch, loudness or quality of the sound produced by the larynx and thereby affecting speech production. These include: These include: Vocal fold nodules
A speech sound disorder (SSD) is a speech disorder affecting the ability to pronounce speech sounds, which includes speech articulation disorders and phonemic disorders, the latter referring to some sounds not being produced or used correctly. The term "protracted phonological development" is sometimes preferred when describing children's ...
Voice therapy consists of techniques and procedures that target vocal parameters, such as vocal fold closure, pitch, volume, and quality. This therapy is provided by speech-language pathologists and is primarily used to aid in the management of voice disorders, [1] or for altering the overall quality of voice, as in the case of transgender voice therapy.
Speech skills are vital to social relationships and learning, and delays or disorders that relate to developing these skills can impact individuals function. [3] For many children and adolescents, this can present as issues with academics. [4] Speech disorders affect roughly 11.5% of the US population, and 5% of the primary school population. [5]