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Chromolithography is a method for making multi-colour prints.This type of colour printing stemmed from the process of lithography, [1] and includes all types of lithography that are printed in colour.
A lithograph is something printed by lithography, ... By 1900 the medium in both color and monotone was an accepted part of printmaking. [citation needed]
In Poitevin's process, a lithographic stone was coated with a light-sensitive gelatin solution and exposed through a photographic negative. [6] [7] The gelatin would harden in exposed areas, leading to the stone becoming hydrophobic in light areas (and thus receptive to the greasy ink) and hydrophilic under dark areas (ink-repelling).
Mechanical color separation, initially using photographs of the image taken with three different color filters, reduced the number of prints needed to three. Zincography , with zinc plates, later replaced lithographic stones, and remained the most common method of color printing until the 1930s.
Offset printing is a common printing technique in which the inked image is transferred (or "offset") from a plate to a rubber blanket and then to the printing surface. When used in combination with the lithographic process, which is based on the repulsion of oil and water, the offset technique employs a flat (planographic) image carrier.
The process is a photographic variant of chromolithography (color lithography). Because no color information was preserved in the photographic process, the photographer would make detailed notes on the colors within the scene and use the notes to hand paint the negative before transferring the image through colored gels onto the printing plates.
Goya, No. 32 of Los Caprichos (1799, Por que fue sensible).This is a fairly rare example of a print entirely in aquatint. [5]In intaglio printmaking techniques such as engraving and etching, the artist makes marks into the surface of the plate (in the case of aquatint, a copper or zinc plate) that are capable of holding ink.
Chromogenic prints, like most color photographic prints, are developed using the RA-4 process. As of 2017, the major lines of professional chromogenic print paper are Kodak Endura and Fujifilm Crystal Archive. [21] Plastic chromogenic "papers" such as Kodak Duratrans and Duraclear are used for producing backlit advertising and art.