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Melanonychia is a black or brown pigmentation of a nail, and may be present as a normal finding on many digits in Afro-Caribbeans, as a result of trauma, systemic disease, or medications, or as a postinflammatory event from such localized events as lichen planus or fixed drug eruption.
True leukonychia: These white spots originate from the nail matrix (where your nail grows) and appear on the nail plate, says Dr. Lal. ... Nail biopsy “Very rarely, we will do a nail biopsy, but ...
This is a nail fold pigmentation which then widens progressively to produce a triangular pigmented macule with associated nail dystrophy. Hyperpigmentation of the nail bed and matrix may reflect through the "transparent" nailfolds simulating Hutchinson's sign. [4] Hutchinson's triad - pattern of presentation of congenital syphilis.
A. Nail plate; B. lunula; C. root; D. sinus; E. matrix; F. nail bed; G. eponychium; H. free margin. Onychia is an inflammation of the nail folds (surrounding tissue of the nail plate) of the nail with formation of pus and shedding of the nail. Onychia results from the introduction of microscopic pathogens through small wounds.
The distal zone, corresponding to the lunula, is made up of epithelial digitations that grow from the matrix epithelium and puncture the nail plate. [ 2 ] Among the differential diagnoses are osteochondroma , longitudinal melanonychia , fibrokeratoma , onychomycosis , periungual fibroma , squamous cell carcinoma , Bowen's disease , and ...
This procedure can result in chronic ingrown nails causing more pain. Accordingly, in some cases as determined by a doctor, the nail matrix is coated with a chemical (usually phenol) so none of the nail will ever grow back. This is known as a permanent or full nail avulsion, or full matrixectomy, phenolisation, or full phenol avulsion. As can ...
Some diagnoses may also require a skin biopsy which yields histologic information [11] [12] that can be correlated with the clinical presentation and any laboratory data. [13] [14] The introduction of cutaneous ultrasound has allowed the detection of cutaneous tumors, inflammatory processes, and skin diseases. [15]
The nail matrix is the active tissue (or germinal matrix) that generates cells. The cells harden as they move outward from the nail root to the nail plate. [3] The nail matrix is also known as the matrix unguis, keratogenous membrane, or onychostroma. [4] It is the part of the nail bed that is beneath the nail and contains nerves, lymph, and ...