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820,000 resulting from hepatitis B (2019) [1] Hepatitis B is an infectious disease caused by the hepatitis B virus (HBV) that affects the liver; [1][6] it is a type of viral hepatitis. [7] It can cause both acute and chronic infection. [1] Many people have no symptoms during an initial infection. For others, symptoms may appear 30 to 180 days ...
290,000 (2019) [4] Hepatitis C is an infectious disease caused by the hepatitis C virus (HCV) that primarily affects the liver; [2] it is a type of viral hepatitis. [6] During the initial infection period, people often have mild or no symptoms. [1] Early symptoms can include fever, dark urine, abdominal pain, and yellow tinged skin. [1]
Infectious diseases, gastroenterology. Viral hepatitis is liver inflammation due to a viral infection. [1][2] It may present in acute form as a recent infection with relatively rapid onset, or in chronic form, typically progressing from a long-lasting asymptomatic condition up to a decompensated hepatic disease and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).
A blood-borne disease is a disease that can be spread through contamination by blood and other body fluids. Blood can contain pathogens of various types, chief among which are microorganisms, like bacteria and parasites, and non-living infectious agents such as viruses. Three blood-borne pathogens in particular, all viruses, are cited as of ...
Chronic liver disease in the clinical context is a disease process of the liver that involves a process of progressive destruction and regeneration of the liver parenchyma leading to fibrosis and cirrhosis. [1] ". Chronic liver disease" refers to disease of the liver which lasts over a period of six months. It consists of a wide range of liver ...
Hepatitis B virus is classified in the genus Orthohepadnavirus, which contains 11 other species. [3] The genus is classified as part of the Hepadnaviridae family, which contains four other genera, Avihepadnavirus, Herpetohepadnavirus, Metahepadnavirus and Parahepadnavirus. [3] This family of viruses is the only member of the viral order ...
The increase in intracellular reactive oxygen species is about 10,000-fold with chronic hepatitis B virus infection and 100,000-fold following hepatitis C virus infection. [25] This increase in reactive oxygen species causes inflammation [ 25 ] and more than 20 types of DNA damage. [ 26 ]
The hepatitis D virus requires that a person first be infected with hepatitis B virus, so prevention efforts should focus on limiting the spread of hepatitis B. In people who have chronic hepatitis B infection and are at risk for superinfection with the hepatitis D virus, the preventive strategies are the same as for hepatitis B. [96]