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trimmer or jack − stud to the left or right of a window or door that runs from the bottom plate to the underside of a lintel or header; cripple stud – a stud located either above or below a framed opening, that does not run the full height of the wall; post or column − a doubled or other integral multiple of a group of studs nailed side ...
A mullioned window in the church of San Francesco of Lodi, Lombardy. A mullion is a vertical element that forms a division between units of a window or screen, or is used decoratively. [1] It is also often used as a division between double doors. When dividing adjacent window units
The 16 Divisions of construction, as defined by the Construction Specifications Institute (CSI)'s MasterFormat, is the most widely used standard for organizing specifications and other written information for commercial and institutional building projects in the U.S. and Canada.
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In light-frame construction, a trimmer is a timber or metal beam (joist) used to create an opening around a stairwell, skylight, chimney, and the like. Trimmers are installed parallel to the primary floor or ceiling joists and support headers, which run perpendicular to the primary joists.
In the case of windows, the bottom span is referred to as a sill, but, unlike a lintel, does not serve to bear a load to ensure the integrity of the wall. Modern-day lintels may be made using prestressed concrete and are also referred to as beams in beam-and-block slabs or as ribs in rib-and-block slabs.
wall studs (subsidiary upright limbs in framed walls), for example, close studding. The horizontal timbers include: sill-beams (also called ground-sills or sole-pieces, at the bottom of a wall into which posts and studs are fitted using tenons), noggin-pieces (the horizontal timbers forming the tops and bottoms of the frames of infill panels),
A window sill in the most general sense is a horizontal structural element below a window opening or window unit in masonry construction or framed construction and is regarded as part of the window frame. The bottom of a window frame sits on top of the window sill of the wall opening. [1]