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It is clear that any finite set {} of points in the complex plane has an associated polynomial = whose zeroes are precisely at the points of that set. The converse is a consequence of the fundamental theorem of algebra: any polynomial function () in the complex plane has a factorization = (), where a is a non-zero constant and {} is the set of zeroes of ().
Download QR code; Print/export Download as PDF; Printable version; In other projects Wikidata item; Appearance. ... Erdős–Gallai theorem; Erdős–Pósa theorem;
Fuglede's theorem (functional analysis) Full employment theorem (theoretical computer science) Fulton–Hansen connectedness theorem (algebraic geometry) Fundamental theorem of algebra (complex analysis) Fundamental theorem of arbitrage-free pricing (financial mathematics) Fundamental theorem of arithmetic (number theory)
The theorem is a special case of the polynomial remainder theorem. [1] [2] The theorem results from basic properties of addition and multiplication. It follows that the theorem holds also when the coefficients and the element belong to any commutative ring, and not just a field.
Ruffini's rule can be used when one needs the quotient of a polynomial P by a binomial of the form . (When one needs only the remainder, the polynomial remainder theorem provides a simpler method.) A typical example, where one needs the quotient, is the factorization of a polynomial p ( x ) {\displaystyle p(x)} for which one knows a root r :
Fermat's factorization method, named after Pierre de Fermat, is based on the representation of an odd integer as the difference of two squares: =. That difference is algebraically factorable as (+) (); if neither factor equals one, it is a proper factorization of N.
A k-factor of a graph is a spanning k-regular subgraph, and a k-factorization partitions the edges of the graph into disjoint k-factors. A graph G is said to be k-factorable if it admits a k-factorization. In particular, a 1-factor is a perfect matching, and a 1-factorization of a k-regular graph is a proper edge coloring with k colors.
Littlewood's three principles are quoted in several real analysis texts, for example Royden, [2] Bressoud, [3] and Stein & Shakarchi. [4] Royden [5] gives the bounded convergence theorem as an application of the third principle. The theorem states that if a uniformly bounded sequence of functions converges pointwise, then their integrals on a ...