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The CIELAB color space, also referred to as L*a*b*, is a color space defined by the International Commission on Illumination (abbreviated CIE) in 1976. [a] It expresses color as three values: L* for perceptual lightness and a* and b* for the four unique colors of human vision: red, green, blue and yellow.
where K b is a coefficient that depends upon the illuminant (for D65, K b is 67.20; see approximate formula below) and Z n is the Z tristimulus value of the specified white object. [3] Both a and b will be zero for objects that have the same chromaticity coordinates as the specified white objects (i.e., achromatic, grey, objects).
sRGB value; Grey value calculated from (0.2126 × red) + (0.7152 × green) + (0.0722 × blue) [12] CIE L*a*b* values; sRGB value expressed as hue, saturation and lightness (HSL) device-independent CMYK value: cyan, magenta, yellow, black or key; LRV, but a consistent light reflectance value is not obtainable from pearlescent or metallic colours
A very simple example can be given between the two colors with RGB values (0, 64, 0) ( ) and (255, 64, 0) ( ): their distance is 255. Going from there to (255, 64, 128) ( ) is a distance of 128. When we wish to calculate distance from the first point to the third point (i.e. changing more than one of the color values), we can do this:
a (L 2 bar/mol 2) b (L/mol) ; Acetic acid: 17.7098 0.1065 Acetic anhydride: 20.158 0.1263 Acetone: 16.02 0.1124 Acetonitrile: 17.81 0.1168 Acetylene: 4.516 0.0522 Ammonia: 4.225 0.0371
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A comparison between a typical normalized M cone's spectral sensitivity and the CIE 1931 luminosity function for a standard observer in photopic vision. In the CIE 1931 model, Y is the luminance, Z is quasi-equal to blue (of CIE RGB), and X is a mix of the three CIE RGB curves chosen to be nonnegative (see § Definition of the CIE XYZ color space).