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Meningioma seen at autopsy, as a tumor of the dura mater extending into the cranial cavity, and can be detached from the bone along with the rest of the dura mater. Small tumors (e.g., < 2.0 cm) usually are incidental findings at autopsy without having caused symptoms. Larger tumors may cause symptoms, depending on the size and location.
Other less common causes of chiasmal syndrome are metabolic, toxic, traumatic, inflammatory or infectious in nature (eg. lymphoid hypophysitis, sarcoidosis.) [1] Compression of the optic chiasm is associated with pituitary adenoma, [11] Craniopharyngioma, [12] Meningioma [13] etc.
Focal and diffuse brain injury are ways to classify brain injury: focal injury occurs in a specific location, while diffuse injury occurs over a more widespread area. It is common for both focal and diffuse damage to occur as a result of the same event; many traumatic brain injuries have aspects of both focal and diffuse injury. [ 1 ]
Head injuries caused by penetrating trauma are serious medical emergencies and may cause permanent disability or death. [2] A penetrating head injury involves "a wound in which an object breaches the cranium but does not exit it." In contrast, a perforating head injury is a wound in which the object passes through the head and leaves an exit ...
Treatment depends on the recovery stage of the patient. In the acute stage, the primary aim is to stabilize the patient and focus on preventing further injury. This is done because the initial damage caused by trauma cannot be reversed. [92] Rehabilitation is the main treatment for the subacute and chronic stages of recovery. [92]
Ectopic soft tissue meningioma around the eyes, ears, nose, and mouth that spreads to the skin by contiguity. There are no known related meningiomas of neuraxis. [7] [10] Adult cases of neuroaxis-related meningioma tumors that spread to the dermis and subcutaneous tissue are significantly more common. They could result from trauma, any other ...
Closed-head injuries are caused primarily by vehicular accidents, falls, acts of violence, and sports injuries. [4] Falls account for 35.2% of brain injuries in the United States, with rates highest for children ages 0–4 years and adults ages 75 years and older. [3] Head injuries are more common in men than women across every age group. [3]
In TBI, primary injuries result immediately from the initial trauma. [6] Primary injury occurs at the moment of trauma and includes contusion, damage to blood vessels, and axonal shearing, in which the axons of neurons are stretched and torn. [1] The blood brain barrier and meninges may be damaged in the primary injury, and neurons may die. [7]