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The composition of Jupiter's atmosphere is similar to that of the planet as a whole. [1] Jupiter's atmosphere is the most comprehensively understood of those of all the giant planets because it was observed directly by the Galileo atmospheric probe when it entered the Jovian atmosphere on December 7, 1995. [28]
Jupiter's atmosphere consists of 76% hydrogen and 24% helium by mass, with a denser interior. It contains trace elements and compounds like carbon, oxygen, sulfur, neon, ammonia, water vapour, phosphine, hydrogen sulfide, and hydrocarbons. Jupiter's helium abundance is 80% of the Sun's, similar to Saturn's composition. The ongoing contraction ...
Theoretically, gas giants can be divided into five distinct classes according to their modeled physical atmospheric properties, and hence their appearance: ammonia clouds (I), water clouds (II), cloudless (III), alkali-metal clouds (IV), and silicate clouds (V). Jupiter and Saturn are both class I. Hot Jupiters are class IV or V.
Storms on Jupiter form ammonia-rich hail — called mushballs — in the atmosphere of the giant planet, new research reveals. Investigators believe these tempests play an important role in ...
Jupiter was known to astronomers of ancient times. [1] The Romans named it after their god Jupiter. [2] When viewed from Earth, Jupiter can reach an apparent magnitude of −2.94, bright enough for its reflected light to cast shadows, [3] and making it on average the third-brightest object in the night sky after the Moon and Venus.
Time-lapse sequence from the approach of Voyager 1 to Jupiter in 1979, showing the motion of atmospheric bands, and the circulation of the Great Red Spot. The momentary black spots are shadows cast by Jupiter's moons. Jupiter's Great Red Spot rotates counterclockwise, with a period of about 4.5 Earth days, [24] or 11 Jovian
Physical characteristics of Jupiter Structure of Jupiter; Atmosphere of Jupiter; Great Red Spot; Physical characteristics of Saturn Structure of Saturn; Atmosphere of Saturn; Saturn's hexagon; Physical characteristics of Uranus Structure of Uranus; Atmosphere of Uranus; Physical characteristics of Neptune Structure of Neptune; Atmosphere of ...
Juno in launch configuration. Juno is a NASA space probe orbiting the planet Jupiter.It was built by Lockheed Martin and is operated by NASA 's Jet Propulsion Laboratory.The spacecraft was launched from Cape Canaveral Air Force Station on August 5, 2011 UTC, as part of the New Frontiers program. [6]