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Capital punishment was a legal penalty in Zambia until 2022. Despite its former legality, the country had not carried out any execution since 1997. Zambia was considered "Abolitionist in Practice". [1] There were at least 9 new death sentences in Zambia in 2021. 257 people were on death row at the end of 2021. [2]
Capital punishment is retained in law by 55 UN member states or observer states, with 140 having abolished it in law or in practice. The most recent legal executions performed by nations and other entities with criminal law jurisdiction over the people present within its boundaries are listed below.
Capital Punishment was abolished for political crimes in 1852, civil crimes in 1867 and war crimes in 1911. [372] In 1916, capital punishment was reinstated only for military offenses that occurred in a war against a foreign country and in the theater of war. [373] Capital punishment was completely abolished again in 1976. [374] Romania: 1989 ...
The Supreme Court of Zambia is the country's apex court on all matters, except those related to the constitution. Until 2016, the court was the highest court on all matters, but following the adoption of a new constitution in 2016, the Constitutional Court of Zambia was created with jurisdiction on matters related to the constitution and elections.
At Italy's instigation, a resolution for a moratorium on the death penalty was presented by the European Union in partnership with eight co-author member States to the General Assembly of the United Nations, calling for general suspension (not abolition) of capital punishment throughout the world.
Zambia is officially a "Christian nation" under the 1996 constitution, but recognizes and protects freedom of religion. [97] Zambia is the only African nation to designate Christianity as a state religion. [98] The Zambia Statistics Agency estimates that 95.5% of Zambians are Christian, with 75.3% Protestant and 20.2% Roman Catholic. [99]
Zambia has provided troops to UN peacekeeping initiatives in Mozambique, Rwanda, Angola, and Sierra Leone. Zambia was the first African state to cooperate with the International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda into the Rwandan genocide in 1994. In 1998, Zambia took the lead in efforts to establish a cease-fire in the Democratic Republic of Congo.
The Court ranks equivalently or at par the Supreme Court of Zambia. The judicial decision of the Constitutional Court of Zambia is final and non-appealable to the Supreme Court. Subject to Article 28, this Court does not hear bill of rights because the 2016 Referendum failed to gainer sufficient votes to amend the Bill of Rights.