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Hercules Olivarius ("the Olive Merchant"), in reference to a statue of Hercules dedicated by the guild of olive merchants. [ 19 ] Hercules Triumphalis ("Triumphal"), represented by a statue in the Forum Boarium, was dressed in the regalia of a triumphator when a triumph was held.
Heracles used his wits on several occasions when his strength did not suffice, such as when laboring for the king Augeas of Elis, wrestling the giant Antaeus, or tricking Atlas into taking the sky back onto his shoulders. Together with Hermes he was the patron and protector of gymnasia and palaestrae. [25]
Hercules was a favorite subject for Etruscan art, and appears often on bronze mirrors. The Etruscan form Herceler derives from the Greek Heracles via syncope. A mild oath invoking Hercules (Hercule! or Mehercle!) was a common interjection in Classical Latin. [4] Hercules had a number of myths that were distinctly Roman.
The altar was the earliest cult location for Hercules in Rome, predating the circular Temple of Hercules Victor and possibly originally dating as early as the 6th century bce. The altar was destroyed during the Great Fire of Rome in the year 64 [ 3 ] but was rebuilt and stood at least until the fourth century.
Ancient drachma from Larissa, around 420 BC, depicting Heracles with the Cretan Bull.Now in the Palais de Rumine, Lausanne, Switzerland. Minos was king in Crete.In order to confirm his right to rule, rather than any of his brothers, he prayed Poseidon send him a snow-white bull as a sign.
Iolaus often acted as Heracles' charioteer and companion. Plutarch, describing the Theban Sacred Band in his life of Pelopidas, said "It is a tradition likewise that Iolaus, who assisted Hercules in his labours and fought at his side, was beloved of him; and Aristotle observes that, even in his time, lovers plighted their faith at Iolaus's tomb."
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Venus and Mars sculpture group reworked to portray an Imperial couple (created 120–140 AD, reworked 170–175) For five centuries, the Roman Republic (509–27 BC) did not give worship to any historic figure, or any living man, although surrounded by divine and semi-divine monarchies.