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  2. Pulmonary valve - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pulmonary_valve

    It is one of the four valves of the heart and one of the two semilunar valves, the other being the aortic valve. Similar to the aortic valve, [1] the pulmonary valve opens in ventricular systole when the pressure in the right ventricle rises above the pressure in the pulmonary artery. At the end of ventricular systole, when the pressure in the ...

  3. Pulmonary regurgitation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pulmonary_regurgitation

    Pulmonary (or pulmonic [4]) regurgitation (or insufficiency, incompetence) is a condition in which the pulmonary valve is incompetent [5] and allows backflow from the pulmonary artery to the right ventricle of the heart during diastole. [6] While a small amount of backflow may occur ordinarily, it is usually only shown on an echocardiogram and ...

  4. Pulmonary circulation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pulmonary_circulation

    The opening page of one of Ibn al-Nafis's medical works. The pulmonary circulation is archaically known as the "lesser circulation" which is still used in non-English literature. [14] [15] The discovery of the pulmonary circulation has been attributed to many scientists with credit distributed in varying ratios by varying sources.

  5. Zones of the lung - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zones_of_the_lung

    On the other hand, gravity causes a gradient in blood pressure between the top and bottom of the lung of 20 mmHg in the erect position (roughly half of that in the supine position). Overall, mean pulmonary venous pressure is ~5 mmHg. Local venous pressure falls to -5 at the apexes and rises to +15 mmHg at the bases, again for the erect lung.

  6. Wiggers diagram - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wiggers_diagram

    A Wiggers diagram modified from [1]. A Wiggers diagram, named after its developer, Carl Wiggers, is a unique diagram that has been used in teaching cardiac physiology for more than a century.

  7. Ross procedure - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ross_procedure

    Diagram of the human heart. Several adaptations of the Ross procedure have evolved, but the principle is essentially the same; to replace a diseased aortic valve with the person's own pulmonary valve (autograft), and replace the person's own pulmonary valve with a pulmonary valve from a cadaver (homograft) or a stentless xenograft.

  8. Alveolar gas equation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alveolar_gas_equation

    The partial pressure of oxygen (pO 2) in the pulmonary alveoli is required to calculate both the alveolar-arterial gradient of oxygen and the amount of right-to-left cardiac shunt, which are both clinically useful quantities. However, it is not practical to take a sample of gas from the alveoli in order to directly measure the partial pressure ...

  9. Pulmonary valve stenosis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pulmonary_valve_stenosis

    Pulmonary valve stenosis (PVS) is a heart valve disorder. Blood going from the heart to the lungs goes through the pulmonary valve, whose purpose is to prevent blood from flowing back to the heart. In pulmonary valve stenosis this opening is too narrow, leading to a reduction of flow of blood to the lungs. [1] [5]

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