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The inverse Gaussian distribution is a two-parameter exponential family with natural parameters −λ/(2μ 2) and −λ/2, and natural statistics X and 1/X.. For > fixed, it is also a single-parameter natural exponential family distribution [4] where the base distribution has density
The quantile function, Q, of a probability distribution is the inverse of its cumulative distribution function F. The derivative of the quantile function, namely the quantile density function, is yet another way of prescribing a probability distribution. It is the reciprocal of the pdf composed with the quantile function.
Here F X is the cumulative distribution function of X, f X is the corresponding probability density function, Q X (p) is the corresponding inverse cumulative distribution function also called the quantile function, [2] and the integrals are of the Riemann–Stieltjes kind.
If the original random variable X is uniformly distributed on the interval (a,b), where a>0, then the reciprocal variable Y = 1 / X has the reciprocal distribution which takes values in the range (b −1,a −1), and the probability density function in this range is
The inverse Gaussian and gamma distributions are special cases of the generalized inverse Gaussian distribution for p = −1/2 and b = 0, respectively. [7] Specifically, an inverse Gaussian distribution of the form
Cumulative distribution function for the exponential distribution Cumulative distribution function for the normal distribution. In probability theory and statistics, the cumulative distribution function (CDF) of a real-valued random variable, or just distribution function of , evaluated at , is the probability that will take a value less than or equal to .
The class of normal-inverse Gaussian distributions is closed under convolution in the following sense: [9] if and are independent random variables that are NIG-distributed with the same values of the parameters and , but possibly different values of the location and scale parameters, , and ,, respectively, then + is NIG-distributed with parameters ,, + and +.
Illustration of the Kolmogorov–Smirnov statistic. The red line is a model CDF, the blue line is an empirical CDF, and the black arrow is the KS statistic.. In statistics, the Kolmogorov–Smirnov test (also K–S test or KS test) is a nonparametric test of the equality of continuous (or discontinuous, see Section 2.2), one-dimensional probability distributions.