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At Indiana Dunes National Park, wild lupine with Karner blue butterfly feeding damage had significantly larger leaves and longer and thicker stems than plants without feeding damage. [12] In addition, larval length was positively associated with wild lupine height in central Wisconsin. [13]
The lupine has been declining in number and range since the Industrial Revolution.It is estimated that it has declined in number by about 90% since 1900. This decline has in turn been deemed one of the primary causes of the decline of the Karner blue butterfly.
This lupine may represent a significant threat to the survival of the endangered Karner blue butterfly, due to its ease of hybridization with the Karner's food plant, Lupinus perennis, the wild perennial lupine. [6] [7] Some sources argue that commercial lupine seeds are already questionable for the Karner due to hybridization. Additionally ...
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U.S. postage stamp featuring the Oregon swallowtail butterfly, ... Melissa blue (includes Karner blue) Icaricia saepiolus, ... lupine blue; Agriades podarce, ...
The most well-known species in the area is the Karner blue (Plebejus melissa samuelis), discovered in the 1940s and named by the author and lepidopterist Vladimir Nabokov. The butterfly is now on the Endangered Species List. Once found in large numbers throughout the grassy openings of the pine barrens, it is today extremely rare and found in a ...
Plant composition includes the following species: Big bluestem, side-oats grama, butterfly weed, blue toadflax, and birdsfoot violet. Wild lupine is also found in the prairie, and supports a population of the karner blue butterfly, an endangered species whose caterpillars feed solely on wild lupine. [1] [2]
Lupinus, commonly known as lupin, lupine, [note 1] or regionally bluebonnet, is a genus of plants in the legume family Fabaceae. The genus includes over 199 species , with centres of diversity in North and South America . [ 1 ]