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Platybasia is a spinal disease of a malformed relationship between the occipital bone and cervical spine. It may be caused by Paget's disease . Platybasia is also a feature of Gorlin-Goltz syndrome , commonly known as basal cell nevus syndrome.
Basilar invagination is invagination (infolding) of the base of the skull that occurs when the top of the C2 vertebra migrates upward. It can cause narrowing of the foramen magnum (the opening in the skull where the spinal cord passes through to the brain). It also may press on the lower brainstem. [1]
Invagination can be driven by a number of mechanisms at the cellular level. Regardless of the force-generating mechanism that causes the bending of the epithelium, most instances of invagination result in a stereotypical cell shape change.
Several indirect measurements on CT can be used to assess ligamentous integrity at the craniocervical junction. The Wackenheim line, a straight line extending along the posterior margin of the clivus through the dens, should not intersect the dens on plain film, with violation of this relationship raising concern for basilar invagination.
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The basilar part of the occipital bone (also basioccipital) extends forward and upward from the foramen magnum, and presents in front an area more or less quadrilateral in outline. In the young skull, this area is rough and uneven, and is joined to the body of the sphenoid by a plate of cartilage.