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Lichens were a component of the early terrestrial ecosystems, and the estimated age of the oldest terrestrial lichen fossil is 400 Ma; [28] this date corresponds to the age of the oldest known sporocarp fossil, a Paleopyrenomycites species found in the Rhynie Chert. [29]
Fossils are known from various localities of Europe, Africa, North America, South America, United States, Colorado river and New Zealand. ...
Polygyridae is a family of air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the superfamily Helicoidea. [2]The Polygyridae make up a significant proportion of the land snail fauna of eastern North America, and are also found in western North America, northern Central America, and are present on some Caribbean islands.
Cichlids of South America and the "sunfish" of North America are strikingly similar in morphology, ecology and behavior. [118] The peacock bass and largemouth bass are excellent examples. The two fishes are not related, yet are very similar. Peacock bass are native of South America and is a Cichla.
The phylogeny (evolutionary "family tree") of molluscs is a controversial subject. In addition to the debates about whether Kimberella and any of the " halwaxiids " were molluscs or closely related to molluscs, [ 5 ] [ 6 ] [ 8 ] [ 9 ] debates arise about the relationships between the classes of living molluscs. [ 7 ]
It contains the single species G. magnificus, and it is the oldest known mushroom fossil known to date. [2] Gondwanagaricites extends the geological range of mushrooms by around 14 to 21 million years and confirms their presence in Gondwana during the Early Cretaceous. [1]
The mantle creates a compartment known as the mantle cavity and is used by many mollusca as the surface where gas exchange occurs. Snails that use the mantle cavity as a lung are known as Pulmonate snails. Other snails may only have a gill. Snails in the Caenogastropoda families like Ampullariidae, have both a gill and a lung. [9]
The grove snail, brown-lipped snail or lemon snail (Cepaea nemoralis) is a species of air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusc. [3] It is one of the most common large species of land snail in Europe, and has been introduced to North America. Subspecies. Cepaea nemoralis etrusca (Rossmässler, 1835) [4]