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Code injection is the malicious injection or introduction of code into an application. Some web servers have a guestbook script, which accepts small messages from users and typically receives messages such as: Very nice site! However, a malicious person may know of a code injection vulnerability in the guestbook and enter a message such as:
Prompt injection is a family of related computer security exploits carried out by getting a machine learning model which was trained to follow human-given instructions (such as an LLM) to follow instructions provided by a malicious user. This stands in contrast to the intended operation of instruction-following systems, wherein the ML model is ...
A vulnerability database (VDB) is a platform aimed at collecting, maintaining, and disseminating information about discovered computer security vulnerabilities.The database will customarily describe the identified vulnerability, assess the potential impact on affected systems, and any workarounds or updates to mitigate the issue.
Insecure direct object reference (IDOR) is a type of access control vulnerability in digital security. [1]This can occur when a web application or application programming interface uses an identifier for direct access to an object in an internal database but does not check for access control or authentication.
Common Weakness Enumeration (CWE) logo. The Common Weakness Enumeration (CWE) is a category system for hardware and software weaknesses and vulnerabilities.It is sustained by a community project with the goals of understanding flaws in software and hardware and creating automated tools that can be used to identify, fix, and prevent those flaws. [1]
Another classification is by the action against the vulnerable system; unauthorized data access, arbitrary code execution, and denial of service are examples. Exploitations are commonly categorized and named [ 9 ] [ 10 ] by the type of vulnerability they exploit (see vulnerabilities for a list) [ clarification needed ] , whether they are local ...
Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures (CVE) is a dictionary of common names (i.e., CVE Identifiers) for publicly known information security vulnerabilities. CVE's common identifiers make it easier to share data across separate network security databases and tools, and provide a baseline for evaluating the coverage of an organization's security ...
On its own, an arbitrary code execution exploit will give the attacker the same privileges as the target process that is vulnerable. [11] For example, if exploiting a flaw in a web browser, an attacker could act as the user, performing actions such as modifying personal computer files or accessing banking information, but would not be able to perform system-level actions (unless the user in ...