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  2. Intermolecular force - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intermolecular_force

    The attractive force draws molecules closer together and gives a real gas a tendency to occupy a smaller volume than an ideal gas. Which interaction is more important depends on temperature and pressure (see compressibility factor). In a gas, the distances between molecules are generally large, so intermolecular forces have only a small effect.

  3. Mie potential - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mie_potential

    Therefore, the Mie potential is a more flexible intermolecular potential than the simpler Lennard-Jones potential. The Mie potential is used today in many force fields in molecular modeling . Typically, the attractive exponent is chosen to be m = 6 {\textstyle m=6} , whereas the repulsive exponent is used as an adjustable parameter during the ...

  4. Van der Waals force - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Van_der_Waals_force

    In molecular physics and chemistry, the van der Waals force (sometimes van der Waals' force) is a distance-dependent interaction between atoms or molecules. Unlike ionic or covalent bonds, these attractions do not result from a chemical electronic bond; [2] they are comparatively weak and therefore more susceptible to disturbance. The van der ...

  5. Chemical bond - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemical_bond

    Intermolecular forces cause molecules to attract or repel each other. Often, these forces influence physical characteristics (such as the melting point) of a substance. Van der Waals forces are interactions between closed-shell molecules.

  6. London dispersion force - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/London_dispersion_force

    London dispersion forces (LDF, also known as dispersion forces, London forces, instantaneous dipole–induced dipole forces, fluctuating induced dipole bonds [1] or loosely as van der Waals forces) are a type of intermolecular force acting between atoms and molecules that are normally electrically symmetric; that is, the electrons are ...

  7. Intramolecular force - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intramolecular_force

    An intramolecular force (from Latin intra-'within') is any force that binds together the atoms making up a molecule. [1] Intramolecular forces are stronger than the intermolecular forces that govern the interactions between molecules.

  8. Non-covalent interaction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Non-covalent_interaction

    Non-covalent interactions can be classified into different categories, such as electrostatic, π-effects, van der Waals forces, and hydrophobic effects. [ 3 ] [ 2 ] Non-covalent interactions [ 4 ] are critical in maintaining the three-dimensional structure of large molecules, such as proteins and nucleic acids .

  9. Gas - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gas

    Drifting smoke particles indicate the movement of the surrounding gas.. Gas is one of the four fundamental states of matter.The others are solid, liquid, and plasma. [1] A pure gas may be made up of individual atoms (e.g. a noble gas like neon), elemental molecules made from one type of atom (e.g. oxygen), or compound molecules made from a variety of atoms (e.g. carbon dioxide).