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  2. Steam distillation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steam_distillation

    It is often used to separate volatile essential oils from plant material. [2] for example, to extract limonene (boiling point 176 °C) from orange peels. Steam distillation once was a popular laboratory method for purification of organic compounds, but it has been replaced in many such uses by vacuum distillation and supercritical fluid ...

  3. Fragrance extraction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fragrance_extraction

    The remaining waxy mass is known as a concrete, which is a mixture of essential oil, waxes, resins, and other lipophilic (oil-soluble) plant material, since these solvents effectively remove all hydrophobic compounds in the raw material. The solvent is then removed by a lower temperature distillation process and reclaimed for re-use.

  4. Distillation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Distillation

    Steam distillation of various aromatic herbs and flowers can result in two products: an essential oil as well as a watery herbal distillate. The essential oils are often used in perfumery and aromatherapy while the watery distillates have many applications in aromatherapy, food processing and skin care. Dimethyl sulfoxide usually boils at 189 °C.

  5. Eucalyptol - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eucalyptol

    Eucalyptol makes up about 70–90% of eucalyptus oil. [2] [3] Eucalyptol forms crystalline adducts with hydrohalic acids, o-cresol, resorcinol, and phosphoric acid. Formation of these adducts is useful for purification. [4] In 1870, F. S. Cloez identified and ascribed the name "eucalyptol" to the dominant portion of Eucalyptus globulus oil. [2]

  6. Supercritical fluid extraction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Supercritical_fluid_extraction

    SFE can be used as a sample preparation step for analytical purposes, or on a larger scale to either strip unwanted material from a product (e.g. decaffeination) or collect a desired product (e.g. essential oils). These essential oils can include limonene and other straight solvents. Carbon dioxide (CO 2) is the most used supercritical fluid ...

  7. List of essential oils - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_essential_oils

    Calamodin oil or calamansi essential oil comes from a citrus tree in the Philippines extracted via cold press or steam distillation. Calamus oil Used in perfumery and formerly as a food additive; Camphor oil used in cosmetics and household cleaners. [4] Cannabis flower essential oil, used as a flavoring in foods, primarily candy and beverages ...