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  2. Respirometry - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Respirometry

    Mitochondrial respirometry measures the consumption of oxygen by the mitochondria without involving an entire living animal and is the main tool to study mitochondrial function. [13] Three different types of samples may be subjected to such respirometric studies: isolated mitochondria (from cell cultures, animals or plants); permeabilized cells ...

  3. Mitochondrial biogenesis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mitochondrial_biogenesis

    Mitochondrial biogenesis is the process by which cells increase mitochondrial numbers. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] It was first described by John Holloszy in the 1960s, when it was discovered that physical endurance training induced higher mitochondrial content levels, leading to greater glucose uptake by muscles. [ 3 ]

  4. Mitochondrial fission - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mitochondrial_fission

    Midzone division is linked to mitochondrial biogenesis, which occurs when the cell is proliferating and requires an increased number of mitochondria. In contrast, peripheral division is associated with the removal of damaged mitochondrial units from the network, with these mitochondria being targeted for autophagy or mitophagy, leading to their ...

  5. Human mitochondrial genetics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_mitochondrial_genetics

    Mitochondrial replication is controlled by nuclear genes and is specifically suited to make as many mitochondria as that particular cell needs at the time. Mitochondrial transcription in humans is initiated from three promoters, H1, H2, and L (heavy strand 1, heavy strand 2, and light strand promoters). The H2 promoter transcribes almost the ...

  6. The best dog DNA kits of 2025 - AOL

    www.aol.com/lifestyle/best-dog-dna-kits...

    These DNA kits for dogs give you way more information than your dog’s breed composition. Many of the kits can be upgraded to include more health and trait testing or allergy and age tests.

  7. Mitophagy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mitophagy

    Formation of ROS as a mitochondrial waste product will eventually lead to cytotoxicity and cell death. Because of their role in metabolism, mitochondria are very susceptible to ROS damage. Damaged mitochondria cause a depletion in ATP and a release of cytochrome c, which leads to activation of caspases and onset of apoptosis. Mitochondrial ...

  8. Respiratory complex I - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Respiratory_complex_I

    NAD + to NADH. FMN to FMNH 2. CoQ to CoQH 2.. Complex I is the first enzyme of the mitochondrial electron transport chain.There are three energy-transducing enzymes in the electron transport chain - NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase (complex I), Coenzyme Q – cytochrome c reductase (complex III), and cytochrome c oxidase (complex IV). [1]

  9. Dogs don't actually age 7 times faster than humans, new study ...

    www.aol.com/lifestyle/dogs-dont-actually-age-7...

    Say you have a 4-year-old Labrador named Comet — with the new equation, Comet's real "dog age" would be slightly older than 53. The reason for the difference is actually pretty simple.