Search results
Results From The WOW.Com Content Network
Storey refers to the number of open or closed stacked counters, especially in the context of the letters a and g and their typographic variants.. The lowercase 'g' has two typographic variants: the single-storey form (with a hook tail) has one closed counter and one open counter (and hence one aperture); the double-storey form (with a loop tail) has two closed counters.
A typical distribution of letters in English language text. Weak ciphers do not sufficiently mask the distribution, and this might be exploited by a cryptanalyst to read the message. In cryptanalysis, frequency analysis (also known as counting letters) is the study of the frequency of letters or groups of letters in a ciphertext.
The letter m has three, the left, middle, and right stems. The central stroke of an s is known as the spine. [6] When the stroke is part of a lowercase [4] and rises above the height of an x (the x height), it is known as an ascender. [7] Letters with ascenders are b d f h k l. A stroke which drops below the baseline is a descender. [7]
The traditional typographic units are based either on non-metric units, or on odd multiples (such as 35 ⁄ 83) of a metric unit.There are no specifically metric units for this particular purpose, although there is a DIN standard sometimes used in German publishing, which measures type sizes in multiples of 0.25 mm, and proponents of the metrication of typography generally recommend the use of ...
The California Job Case was a compartmentalized box for printing in the 19th century, sizes corresponding to the commonality of letters. The frequency of letters in text has been studied for use in cryptanalysis, and frequency analysis in particular, dating back to the Arab mathematician al-Kindi (c. AD 801–873 ), who formally developed the method (the ciphers breakable by this technique go ...
Diagram of font metrics showing where letters and symbols would be placed relative to each other. The letters would change size according to the font type, typographic unit and dimension used. Metric typographic units have been devised and proposed several times to overcome the various traditional point systems .
The Coleman–Liau index is a readability test designed by Meri Coleman and T. L. Liau to gauge the understandability of a text. Like the Flesch–Kincaid Grade Level, Gunning fog index, SMOG index, and Automated Readability Index, its output approximates the U.S. grade level thought necessary to comprehend the text.
Number sign, Hash, Octothorpe, Sharp: 0004 U+0024 $ 36 044 Dollar sign: 0005 U+0025 % 37 045 Percent sign: ... Letters: Lowercase. U+00F8 ø 248 0303 0270 ø