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Hydroxychloroquine is an antimalarial drug that also reduces the fatigue, mucosal, and cutaneous symptoms, alopecia, disease flares, and blood lipid levels in cSLE. Since it can damage the retina, annual ophthalmology examinations of hydroxychloroquine-takers are needed to assess retinal changes which if present indicate that the drug should be ...
Individuals with TEC have a median age of presentation of 18–26 months; however, the disorder may occur in infants younger than 6 months and in children as old as age 10 years. Because of the gradual onset of the anemia, children are often healthier than expected from their low hemoglobin levels. [citation needed]
Associated symptoms can include but are not limited to palpitations, near-syncope and syncope, heat intolerance, and difficulty managing blood pressure and heart rate. [63] One study published in 2013 showed that patients with EDS were more likely to also be diagnosed with postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome , more commonly known as POTS.
Children have greater compensatory mechanisms than adults and can maintain a normal blood pressure despite considerable loss of fluid. For example, a child with sepsis or severe dehydration may seem unaffected and the acute condition is often identified only by the affected vital parameters. [13]
Based on their causes, hypereosinophilias can be sorted into subtypes. However, cases of eosinophilia, which exhibit eosinophil counts between 500 and 1,500/μL, may fit the clinical criteria for, and thus be regarded as falling into, one of these hypereosinophilia categories: the cutoff of 1,500/μL between hypereosinophilia and eosinophilia is somewhat arbitrary.
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The ESR is decreased in polycythemia, hyperviscosity, sickle cell anemia, leukemia, chronic fatigue syndrome, [4] low plasma protein (due to liver or kidney disease) and congestive heart failure. Although increases in immunoglobulins usually increase the ESR, very high levels can reduce it again due to hyperviscosity of the plasma. [5]
Hyperammonemia, or high ammonia levels, is a metabolic disturbance characterised by an excess of ammonia in the blood. Severe hyperammonemia is a dangerous condition that may lead to brain injury and death .