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The laser ablation of thyroid nodules is performed in day hospital or day-surgery. The patient is placed under mild sedation (the same type of sedation used in an endoscopic examination). A local anesthetic is then applied, and one or two needles (depending on the size of the nodule) placed inside the nodule under ultrasound guidance.
An autonomous thyroid nodule or "hot nodule" is one that has thyroid function independent of the homeostatic control of the HPT axis (hypothalamic–pituitary–thyroid axis). According to a 1993 article, such nodules need to be treated only if they become toxic ; surgical excision ( thyroidectomy ), radioiodine therapy , or both may be used.
The procedure is similar to a thyroid biopsy, although instead of using a needle to remove cells from the nodule, a probe delivers heat to the interior of the nodule that effectively cauterizess the tissue. [medical citation needed] Over the course of 3-6 months, the nodule will continue to shrink, typically achieving a 50-80% reduction total size.
Colloid nodules may be initially identified as an unspecified kind of thyroid nodule. Follow-up examinations typically include an ultrasound if it is unclear whether or not there really is a nodule present. Once the presence of a nodule has been confirmed, the determination of the kind of thyroid nodule is done by fine needle aspiration biopsy. [7]
Both are susceptible to accidental removal and/or injury during thyroid surgery. [citation needed] The parathyroid glands produce parathyroid hormone (PTH), a hormone needed to maintain adequate amounts of calcium in the blood. Removal results in hypoparathyroidism and a need for supplemental calcium and vitamin D each day. In the event that ...
Thyroidectomy is the removal of all or part of the thyroid gland. Tonsillectomy is the removal of the tonsils. Trabeculectomy is the removal of part of the eye's trabecular meshwork as a treatment for glaucoma. Tumorectomy is the surgical removal of a tumor. Turbinectomy is the removal of the turbinate bones in the nasal passage.