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The Qing dynasty (1644–1912) controlled modern-day Mongolia, Tuva, Western Mongolia, and Inner Mongolia. [6] However, before the People's Republic of China (1949–present) greatly expanded the territory of Inner Mongolia to its present shape, Inner Mongolia only referred to the Mongol areas within the Chinese provinces of Ningxia, Suiyuan, and Chahar.
The Inner Mongolian independence movement (Chinese: 内蒙古独立运动), also known as the Southern Mongolian independence movement (Chinese: 南蒙古独立运动), is a movement for the independence of Inner Mongolia (also known as Southern Mongolia [1]) and the political separation of Inner Mongolia from the People's Republic of China. [2]
Traditional Mongol lands within the PRC extend further than Inner Mongolia, often up to the old Ming border and further south and west in places like Gansu, Xinjiang the Datong area of Shaanxi and Kalgan. There are also remnants of Möngke Khan's grand army in Sichuan and Yunnan, yet little recognition of the Mongol legacy in these areas. [47]
Academic freedom and cultural freedom are respected, as are the freedom of assembly and association. Mongolians are free to move within the country, travel abroad, move abroad and move back from abroad. Foreigners living in Mongolia must obtain exit visas in order to leave the country. Elections are relatively free and fair.
In Inner Mongolia, traditional religion was heavily affected by the Cultural Revolution. [11] Since the 1990s, a number of Christian sects are trying to gain a foothold in Mongolia. About 4% of the Mongolian population is Muslim. Mongolians have also been known to live in some Latvian and Lithuanian regions because they are so close to the ...
2nd century BC – 2nd century AD characters of Xiongnu-Xianbei script (Mongolia and Inner Mongolia). [270] The rock art of the Yin and Helan Mountains is dated from the 9th millennium BC to the 19th century AD. It consists mainly of engraved signs (petroglyphs) and only minimally of painted images. [271]
The top four languages native to Inner Mongolia are the Jin language, Northeastern Mandarin, varieties of Mongolian dialects, and Lanzhou-Ningxia Mandarin. [ 16 ] [ 17 ] [ 18 ] The majority of Mongols, and almost all Hans, opt to send their children to schools taught in Standard Mandarin , in recognition of the economic opportunities that would ...
Inner Mongolia, [a] officially the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, [b] is an autonomous region of China. Its border includes two-thirds of the length of China's border with the country of Mongolia. Inner Mongolia also accounts for a small section of China's border with Russia (Zabaykalsky Krai).