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Bromine water, Br 2. Bromine water is an oxidizing, intense brown mixture containing diatomic bromine (Br 2) dissolved in water (H 2 O). [1] It is often used as a reactive in chemical assays of recognition for substances which react with bromine in an aqueous environment with the halogenation mechanism, mainly unsaturated carbon compounds (carbon compounds with 1 or more double or triple bond(s)).
TBBPA is produced by the reaction of bromine with bisphenol A. Most commercial TBBPA products consist of a mixture that differ in the degree of bromination with the formula C 15 H 16−x Br x O 2 where x = 1 to 4. Its fire-retarding properties correlate with its bromine content. The annual consumption in Europe has been estimated as 6200 tons ...
Decabromodiphenyl ether (also referred to as decaBDE, DBDE, BDE-209) is a brominated flame retardant which belongs to the group of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs). It was commercialised in the 1970s and was initially thought to be safe, [3] [4] but is now recognised as a hazardous and persistent pollutant.
Hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD or HBCDD) is a ring consisting of twelve carbon atoms with six bromine atoms tied to the ring. The commercially used HBCD is in fact a mixture of different isomers. HBCD is toxic to water-living organisms. The UNEP Stockholm Convention has listed HBCD for elimination, but allowing a temporary exemption for the use ...
Microbial metabolism in products treated with TBP is known to produce 2,4,6-tribromoanisole (TBA), [9] which has a musty odor. In 2010 and 2011, Pfizer and Johnson & Johnson voluntarily recalled some products due to TBA odors from wooden pallets which were treated with TBP.
Risk assessment determines possible mishaps, their likelihood and consequences, and the tolerances for such events. [1] The results of this process may be expressed in a quantitative or qualitative fashion. Risk assessment is an inherent part of a broader risk management strategy to help reduce any potential risk-related consequences. [1] [2]
The trucks were carrying about 25,000 liters of pesticides and 76 tons of sulfuric acid, according to the National Agency for Water and Basic Sanitation, raising concerns about environmental damage.
The exposure assessment is initiated by selecting the appropriate exposure limit averaging time and "decision statistic" for the agent. Typically the statistic for deciding acceptable exposure is chosen to be the majority (90%, 95% or 99%) of all exposures to be below the selected occupational exposure limit.