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The Arabic script, also called the Perso-Arabic script [a] is the writing system used for Arabic (Arabic alphabet) and several other languages of Asia and Africa.
The Arabic script used for Arabic and other languages in Asia and Africa is written right-to-left, top-to-bottom The Hebrew language is written right-to-left, top-to-bottom In a right-to-left, top-to-bottom script (commonly shortened to right to left or abbreviated RTL , RL-TB or Role ), writing starts from the right of the page and continues ...
The Arabic alphabet, [a] or the Arabic abjad, is the Arabic script as specifically codified for writing the Arabic language. It is written from right-to-left in a cursive style, and includes 28 letters, [b] of which most have contextual letterforms. Unlike the modern Latin alphabet, the script has no concept of letter case.
Modern Standard Arabic (MSA) or Modern Written Arabic (MWA) [3] is the variety of standardized, literary Arabic that developed in the Arab world in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, [4] [5] and in some usages also the variety of spoken Arabic that approximates this written standard. [6]
The Nabataean alphabet was designed to write 22 phonemes, but Arabic has 28 consonant phonemes; thus, when used to write the Arabic language, 6 of its letters must each represent two phonemes: t ت also represented ṯ ث . ħ ح also represented ḵ خ , d د also represented ḏ ذ , ṣ ص also represented ḍ ض ,
Romanization is often termed "transliteration", but this is not technically correct. [citation needed] Transliteration is the direct representation of foreign letters using Latin symbols, while most systems for romanizing Arabic are actually transcription systems, which represent the sound of the language, since short vowels and geminate consonants, for example, does not usually appear in ...
Classical Arabic or Quranic Arabic (Arabic: العربية الفصحى, romanized: al-ʻArabīyah al-Fuṣḥā, lit. 'the most eloquent classic Arabic') is the standardized literary form of Arabic used from the 7th century and throughout the Middle Ages, most notably in Umayyad and Abbasid literary texts such as poetry, elevated prose and oratory, and is also the liturgical language of Islam.
Al-ʻArabiyya, meaning "Arabic": an example of the Arabic script, which is an impure abjad. Impure abjads have characters for some vowels, optional vowel diacritics, or both. The term pure abjad refers to scripts entirely lacking in vowel indicators. [12]