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A milliradian (SI-symbol mrad, sometimes also abbreviated mil) is an SI derived unit for angular measurement which is defined as a thousandth of a radian (0.001 radian). ). Milliradians are used in adjustment of firearm sights by adjusting the angle of the sight compared to the barrel (up, down, left, or
Stadiametric rangefinding often uses the milliradian ("mil" or "mrad") as the unit of angular measurement. Since a radian is defined as the angle formed when the length of a circular arc equals the radius of the circle, a milliradian is the angle formed when the length of a circular arc equals 1/1000 of the radius of the circle.
Conversion between true milliradian and derived units for maps and artillery; Milliradian NATO mil Warsaw Pact Mil Swedish streck Turn Degrees Minute of arc; 1 milliradian = 1: 1.018 592: 0.954 930: 1.002 677: 1 ⁄ 2000 π 9 / 50π ≈ 0.057 296 54 / 5π ≈ 3.437 747: 1 NATO mil = 0.981 719: 1: 0.9375: 0.984 375: 1 ⁄ 6400: 0 ...
Decigrades (1 ⁄ 4,000) were used with French artillery sights in World War I. An angular mil, which is most used in military applications, has at least three specific variants, ranging from 1 ⁄ 6,400 to 1 ⁄ 6,000. It is approximately equal to one milliradian (c. 1 ⁄ 6,283).
The GAU-8/A precision when installed in the A-10 is rated at "5 mil, 80 percent", meaning that 80 percent of rounds fired will hit within a cone with an angle of five milliradians; this equates to a 40-foot (12-meter) diameter circle at the weapon's design range of 4,000 feet (1,200 m). [18] By comparison, the M61 has an 8-milliradian dispersion.
Originally, when indirect fire was introduced, an aiming point (AP) was used as a quick means of orienting the guns by ordering an angle to the AP for all guns to use. Other aiming points were used for aiming while firing, initially called ‘supplementary aiming points’ were given the name ‘Gun Aiming Points’ (GAP).
In ballistics, the elevation is the angle between the horizontal plane and the axial direction of the barrel of a gun, mortar or heavy artillery.Originally, elevation was a linear measure of how high the gunners had to physically lift the muzzle of a gun up from the gun carriage to compensate for projectile drop and hit targets at a certain distance.
One radian is defined as the angle at the center of a circle in a plane that subtends an arc whose length equals the radius of the circle. [6] More generally, the magnitude in radians of a subtended angle is equal to the ratio of the arc length to the radius of the circle; that is, =, where θ is the magnitude in radians of the subtended angle, s is arc length, and r is radius.