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Lab-grown diamonds of various colors grown by the high-pressure-and-temperature technique. A synthetic diamond or laboratory-grown diamond (LGD), also called a lab-grown diamond, [1] laboratory-created, man-made, artisan-created, artificial, synthetic, or cultured diamond, is a diamond that is produced in a controlled technological process (in contrast to naturally formed diamond, which is ...
At surface air pressure (one atmosphere), diamonds are not as stable as graphite, and so the decay of diamond is thermodynamically favorable (δH = −2 kJ/mol). [22] However, owing to a very large kinetic energy barrier, diamonds are metastable ; they will not decay into graphite under normal conditions .
Specialized applications include use in laboratories as containment for high-pressure experiments (see diamond anvil cell), high-performance bearings, and limited use in specialized windows. [125] With the continuing advances being made in the production of synthetic diamonds, future applications are becoming feasible.
Synthetic diamonds are produced via high pressure, high temperature or chemical vapor deposition (CVD) technology. These diamonds have numerous industrial and commercial uses including cutting tools, thermal conductors and consumer diamond gemstones.
A new technique grows lab diamonds without high pressure, which could revolutionize the gem industry with a sustainable and efficient process.
The high-pressure synthesis of diamond in 1953 in Sweden [21] [22] and in 1954 in the US, [23] made possible by the development of new apparatus and techniques, became a milestone in synthesis of artificial superhard materials. The synthesis clearly showed the potential of high-pressure applications for industrial purposes and stimulated ...
Diamonds are formed under the high-pressure, high-temperature conditions of the Earth's mantle. Kimberlites act as carriers for these diamonds, transporting them to the Earth's surface. The discovery of diamond-bearing kimberlites in the 1870s in Kimberley sparked a diamond rush , transforming the area into one of the world’s largest diamond ...
The operation of the diamond anvil cell relies on a simple principle: =, where p is the pressure, F the applied force, and A the area. Typical culet sizes for diamond anvils are 100–250 micrometres (μm), such that a very high pressure is achieved by applying a moderate force on a sample with a small area, rather than applying a large force on a large area.