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Bases are ubiquitous throughout topology. The sets in a base for a topology, which are called basic open sets, are often easier to describe and use than arbitrary open sets. [1] Many important topological definitions such as continuity and convergence can be checked using only basic open sets instead of arbitrary open sets. Some topologies have ...
The following is a list of named topologies or topological spaces, many of which are counterexamples in topology and related branches of mathematics. This is not a list of properties that a topology or topological space might possess; for that, see List of general topology topics and Topological property .
Base (topology) – Collection of open sets used to define a topology; Filter (set theory) – Family of sets representing "large" sets; Filters in topology – Use of filters to describe and characterize all basic topological notions and results. Locally convex topological vector space – A vector space with a topology defined by convex open sets
A three-dimensional model of a figure-eight knot.The figure-eight knot is a prime knot and has an Alexander–Briggs notation of 4 1.. Topology (from the Greek words τόπος, 'place, location', and λόγος, 'study') is the branch of mathematics concerned with the properties of a geometric object that are preserved under continuous deformations, such as stretching, twisting, crumpling ...
If is a real or complex vector space and if is the set of all seminorms on then the locally convex TVS topology, denoted by , that induces on is called the finest locally convex topology on . [37] This topology may also be described as the TVS-topology on having as a neighborhood base at the origin the set of all absorbing disks in . [37] Any ...
Throughout the history of topology, connectedness and compactness have been two of the most widely studied topological properties. Indeed, the study of these properties even among subsets of Euclidean space, and the recognition of their independence from the particular form of the Euclidean metric, played a large role in clarifying the notion of a topological property and thus a topological space.
In mathematics, the excluded point topology is a topology where exclusion of a particular point defines openness. Formally, let X be any non-empty set and p ∈ X. The collection = {:} {} of subsets of X is then the excluded point topology on X. There are a variety of cases which are individually named:
In topology, a subbase (or subbasis, prebase, prebasis) for a topological space with topology is a subcollection of that generates , in the sense that is the smallest topology containing as open sets. A slightly different definition is used by some authors, and there are other useful equivalent formulations of the definition; these are ...