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The Battle of Fort Necessity, also known as the Battle of the Great Meadows, took place on July 3, 1754, in present-day Farmington in Fayette County, Pennsylvania.The engagement, along with a May 28 skirmish known as the Battle of Jumonville Glen, was the first military combat experience for George Washington, who was later selected as commander of the Continental Army during the American ...
His half-brother, Ensign Joseph Coulon de Jumonville, was killed at the Battle of Jumonville Glen after having surrendered to George Washington. Coulon sought revenge and led an expedition to attack the British garrison at Fort Necessity under Washington's command. On the morning of July 3, 1754, Coulon's troops laid siege to Fort Necessity. By ...
Fort Necessity National Battlefield is a National Battlefield in Fayette County, Pennsylvania, United States, which preserves the site of the Battle of Fort Necessity.The battle, which took place on July 3, 1754, was an early battle of the French and Indian War, and resulted in the surrender of British colonial forces under Colonel George Washington, to the French and Indians, under Louis ...
On June 28, 1754, a combined force of 600 French, French Canadian, and Indian soldiers, under the command of Jumonville's brother, Louis Coulon de Villiers, left Fort Duquesne. [36] On July 3, they captured Fort Necessity in the Battle of Fort Necessity and forced Washington to negotiate a withdrawal under arms. [37]
The French retaliated by attacking Washington's army at Fort Necessity on 3 July 1754 and forced Washington to surrender. [12] These were the first engagements of what would become the worldwide Seven Years' War. Britain and France failed to negotiate a solution after receiving news about this in Europe.
The fort was capable of housing only four to five hundred men; additional troops were quartered in an entrenched camp 750 yards (690 m) southeast of the fort, near the site of the 1755 Battle of Lake George. [22] During the winter of 1756–1757, Fort William Henry was garrisoned by several hundred men from the 44th Foot under Major Will Eyre.
On July 3, 900 French soldiers attacked Fort Necessity, and the ensuing battle ended in Washington's surrender. [28] Washington did not speak French, but signed a surrender document in which he unwittingly took responsibility for "assassinating" Jumonville, later blaming the translator for not properly translating it. [29]
James Mackay (1718–1785) was a captain in the British Army during the French and Indian War.He was in command of an Independent Company of South Carolina when he was sent by the Governor of South Carolina to assist Virginia's defense of the Ohio Country from the French in the summer of 1754.