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Constantinople [a] (see other names) was a historical city located on the Bosporus that served as the capital of the Roman, Byzantine, Latin, and Ottoman empires between its consecration in 330 until 1930, when it was renamed to Istanbul.
Hagia Sophia Cathedral — a symbol of Byzantine Constantinople. The history of Constantinople covers the period from the Consecration of the city in 330, when Constantinople became the new capital of the Roman Empire, to its conquest by the Ottomans in 1453. Constantinople was rebuilt practically from scratch on the site of Byzantium.
The city, known alternatively in Ottoman Turkish as Ḳosṭanṭīnīye (قسطنطينيه after the Arabic form al-Qusṭanṭīniyyah القسطنطينية) or Istanbul, while its Christian minorities continued to call it Constantinople, as did people writing in French, English, and other European languages, was the capital of the Ottoman ...
Ottoman Greeks in Constantinople, painted by Luigi Mayer. Ottoman practice assumed that law would be applied based on the religious beliefs of its citizens. However, the Ottoman Empire was organized around a system of local jurisprudence. Legal administration fit into a larger schema balancing central and local authority. [17]
After conquering the city, Mehmed II made Constantinople the new Ottoman capital, replacing Adrianople. The fall of Constantinople and of the Byzantine Empire was a watershed of the Late Middle Ages , marking the effective end of the Roman Empire , a state which began in roughly 27 BC and had lasted nearly 1500 years.
On May 29, 1453, the city was conquered by the Ottoman Turks, and again became the capital of a powerful state, the Ottoman Empire. The Turks called the city "Istanbul" (although it was not officially renamed until 1930); the name derives from the Greek phrase "στην πόλη", which means "to the city".
The Ottoman capital was moved to Constantinople due to its imperial history and strategic location [28] and the city was repopulated and thrived under Mehmed and his successors. [28] Many Greek aristocrats were promoted to elite government positions, [ 29 ] including that of grand vizier . [ 22 ]
"The First Siege of Constantinople by the Ottomans (1394-1402) and its Repercussions on the Civilian Population of the City" (PDF). Études Byzantines. 10 (1): 39– 51. Brandejs, Jan (2015). "The Russian Aid to Byzantium during the Turkish Siege of Constantinople, 1394–1402" (PDF). Prague Papers on the History of International Relations (1 ...