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Presidential Emergency Action Documents (PEADs) are draft classified executive orders, proclamations, and messages to Congress that are prepared for the President of the United States to exercise or expand powers in anticipation of a range of emergency hypothetical worst-case scenarios, so that they are ready to sign and put into effect the moment one of those scenarios comes to pass.
There are three types of presidential memoranda: presidential determination or presidential finding, memorandum of disapproval, and hortatory memorandum. [2] Sometimes used interchangeably, an executive order is a more prestigious form of executive action that must cite the specific constitutional or statutory authority the president has to use ...
A memorandum (pl.: memorandums [1] [2] [3] or memoranda; from the Latin memorandum, "(that) which is to be remembered"), also known as a briefing note, is a written message that is typically used in a professional setting. Commonly abbreviated memo, these messages are usually brief and are designed to be easily and quickly understood. Memos can ...
In the United States, a presidential directive, or executive action, [1] is a written or oral [note 1] instruction or declaration issued by the president of the United States, which may draw upon the powers vested in the president by the Constitution of the United States, statutory law, or, in certain cases, congressional and judicial acquiescence.
In written form such as a memorandum, the subordinate documents the research done, the facts gathered, and analysis made of alternative courses of action. The memo concludes with a specific recommendation for action by the superior. The earliest description of the concept of Completed Staff Work appears in U.S. Army publications. [1]
Action This Day was a 1941 memorandum sent to Winston Churchill personally, to advise Churchill that the Bletchley Park (BP) codebreaking establishment was short of staff in some critical areas. Their requirements were small, but as a small (and secret) organisation their management did not have priority.
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A memorandum of understanding (MoU) is a type of agreement between two or more (multilateral) parties. It expresses a convergence of will between the parties, indicating an intended common line of action. [ 1 ]