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  2. Chiari malformation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chiari_malformation

    Herniation of cerebellar tonsils. [4] [38] [39] Tonsillar ectopia below the foramen magnum, with greater than 5 mm below as the most commonly cited cutoff value for abnormal position (although this is considered somewhat controversial). [27] [28] [40] [41] Syringomyelia of cervical or cervicothoracic spinal cord can be seen. Sometimes the ...

  3. Cerebrospinal fluid leak - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cerebrospinal_fluid_leak

    Cerebellar tonsillar ectopia shares many of the same symptoms as CSF leak, [58] but originates either congenitally or from trauma, including whiplash strain to the dura. [ 69 ] An alternate method of locating the site of a CSF leak is to use heavily T2-weighted MR myelography . [ 24 ]

  4. Cerebellar tonsil - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cerebellar_tonsil

    The cerebellar tonsil (Latin: tonsilla cerebelli) is a paired rounded lobule on the undersurface of each cerebellar hemisphere, continuous medially with the uvula of the cerebellar vermis and superiorly by the flocculonodular lobe. Synonyms include: tonsilla cerebelli, amygdala cerebelli, the latter of which is not to be confused with the ...

  5. Brain herniation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brain_herniation

    7) Tonsillar (downward cerebellar) Uncal herniation In uncal herniation, a common subtype of transtentorial herniation, the innermost part of the temporal lobe , the uncus , can be squeezed so much that it moves towards the tentorium and puts pressure on the brainstem , most notably the midbrain. [ 8 ]

  6. Ectopia (medicine) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ectopia_(medicine)

    Cerebellar tonsillar ectopia, aka Chiari malformation, a herniation of the brain through the foramen magnum, which may be congenital or caused by trauma. Ectopic cilia , a hair growing where it isn't supposed to be, commonly an eyelash on an abnormal spot on the eyelid, distichia

  7. Macrocephaly-capillary malformation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macrocephaly-capillary...

    Such cerebellar tonsil herniation may occur in up to 70% of children with M-CM. [citation needed] The medical literature suggests that there is a risk of cardiac arrhythmias in early childhood. [8] [9] The cause for this is unknown. In addition, a variety of different congenital cardiac malformations have been reported in a small number of ...

  8. Megalencephalic leukoencephalopathy with subcortical cysts

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Megalencephalic_leuko...

    [3] In the central nervous system, several symptoms are observed. Megalencephaly, the enlargement of the brain, is notable as it represents the "M" in MLC. Ataxia, particularly slow, progressive, and early-onset cerebellar ataxia, is common among many patients. Spasticity, characterized by muscle spasms, is frequently reported in individuals ...

  9. Cerebellar ataxia, neuropathy, vestibular areflexia syndrome

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cerebellar_ataxia...

    Cerebellar ataxia with neuropathy and vestibular areflexia syndrome (CANVAS) is an autosomal recessive late-onset heredodegenerative multisystem neurological disease. The symptoms include poor balance and difficulty walking. Chronic cough and difficulty swallowing may also be present.