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The lux (symbol: lx) is the unit of illuminance, or luminous flux per unit area, in the International System of Units (SI). [1] [2] It is equal to one lumen per square metre.In photometry, this is used as a measure of the irradiance, as perceived by the spectrally unequally responding human eye, of light that hits or passes through a surface.
1 lux < 1 lux: Extreme of darkest storm clouds, sunset or sunrise 10 1: 1 decalux: 40 lux: Fully overcast, sunset or sunrise 10 2: 1 hectolux < 200 lux: Extreme of darkest storm clouds, midday 400 lux: Sunrise or sunset on a clear day (ambient illumination) 10 4: 10 kilolux: 10–25 kilolux: Typical overcast day, midday 20 kilolux
where, Ei = illuminance due to daylight at a point on the indoors working plane, Eo = simultaneous outdoor illuminance on a horizontal plane from an unobstructed hemisphere of overcast sky. To calculate Ei, requires knowing the amount of outside light received inside of a building. Light can reach a room via through a glazed window, rooflight ...
Outdoor illuminance varies from 120,000 lux for direct sunlight at noon, which may cause eye pain, to less than 5 lux for thick storm clouds with the Sun at the horizon (even <1 lux for the most extreme case), which may make shadows from distant street lights visible.
In SI units illuminance is measured in lux (lx), or equivalently in lumens per square metre (lm·m −2). [2] Luminous exitance is measured in lm·m −2 only, not lux. [4] In the CGS system, the unit of illuminance is the phot, which is equal to 10 000 lux. The foot-candle is a non-metric unit of illuminance that is used in photography. [5]
The luminance of a specified point of a light source, in a specified direction, is defined by the mixed partial derivative = where L v is the luminance ( cd / m 2 ); d 2 Φ v is the luminous flux ( lm ) leaving the area dΣ in any direction contained inside the solid angle dΩ Σ ;