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Schedules of reinforcement are rules that control the timing and frequency of reinforcement delivery in operant conditioning. They include fixed-ratio, variable-ratio, fixed-interval, and variable-interval schedules, each dictating a different pattern of rewards in response to a behavior.
The other two are interval schedules or schedules based on how much time has elapsed. These four schedules of reinforcement are sometimes referred to as FR, VR, FI, and VI—which stands for fixed-ratio, variable-ratio, fixed-interval, and variable-interval.
Skinner identified four primary schedules of reinforcement - fixed ratio, variable ratio, fixed interval, and variable interval - each revealing distinct patterns and pacing in behavioral responses when reinforced.
There are four main partial reinforcement schedules: Fixed-Ratio Schedule of Reinforcement. In a fixed-ratio schedule of reinforcement, reinforcement is delivered after a fixed number of responses. For example, a rat would have to press a button 10 times to receive a food pellet.
The four reinforcement schedules yield different response patterns. The variable ratio schedule is unpredictable and yields high and steady response rates, with little if any pause after reinforcement (e.g., gambler).
A reinforcement schedule refers to the delivery of a reward (reinforcer) to strengthen a behavior (i.e., make it occur more frequently). There are four types of reinforcement schedules: fixed ratio, variable ratio, fixed interval, and variable interval.
Among the reinforcement schedules, variable ratio is the most productive and the most resistant to extinction. Fixed interval is the least productive and the easiest to extinguish (Figure 1). Figure 1. The four reinforcement schedules yield different response patterns.
Among the reinforcement schedules, variable ratio is the most productive and the most resistant to extinction. Fixed interval is the least productive and the easiest to extinguish (Figure 1). Figure 1. The four reinforcement schedules yield different response patterns.
The four simple schedules of reinforcement provide researchers with a mean of examining the effects of two basic distinctions involving the contingencies of reinforcement: whether reinforcement principally relates to work (ratio schedules) or time (interval schedules) and whether the exact work or time requirement is predictable (fixed ...
Schedules of reinforcement are the basis of several single-case research designs commonly used in applied behavior analysis to assess the effects of interventions on enhancing constructive behavior (and thus reducing problem behavior).