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The Warsaw Pact (WP), [d] formally the Treaty of Friendship, Cooperation and Mutual Assistance (TFCMA), [e] was a collective defense treaty signed in Warsaw, Poland, between the Soviet Union and seven other Eastern Bloc socialist republics of Central and Eastern Europe in May 1955, during the Cold War.
The members of the Warsaw Pact, sometimes called the Eastern Bloc, were widely viewed as Soviet satellite states. These countries were occupied (or formerly occupied) by the Red Army, and their politics, military, foreign and domestic policies were dominated by the Soviet Union. The Warsaw Pact included the following states: [36] [37]
The Pact consolidated the other Bloc members' armies in which Soviet officers and security agents served under a unified Soviet command structure. [115] Beginning in 1964, Romania took a more independent course. [116] While it did not repudiate either Comecon or the Warsaw Pact, it ceased to play a significant role in either. [116]
As such, the bloc was opposed to the political systems and foreign policies of communist countries, which were centered on the Soviet Union, other members of the Warsaw Pact, and usually the People's Republic of China. The name "Western Bloc" emerged in response to and as the antithesis of its communist counterpart, the Eastern Bloc.
The People's Republic of Poland was a member of the Warsaw Pact and Comecon. It bordered no western countries, but it had many ports to the Baltic Sea. These were heavily guarded by mines and the Border Guard. The port cities were very open, as Poland was a major trading hub with other nations. [74]
Military alliances shortly before World War I. Germany and the Ottoman Empire allied after the outbreak of war.. This is the list of military alliances.A military alliance is a formal agreement between two or more parties concerning national security in which the contracting parties agree to mutually protect and support one another militarily in case of a crisis that has not been identified in ...
Soviet Union Warsaw Pact: [1] [2] Bulgaria Czechoslovakia East Germany Hungary Poland Albania: Soviet-Warsaw Pact defeat Withdrawal of soviet marines [3] and technicians; Warsaw Pact capture of Pasha Liman Base failed [4] 1968 Invasion of Czechoslovakia [citation needed] Soviet Union. Bulgaria East Germany Hungary Poland. Czechoslovakia: Victory
Four non-NATO states are members of the EU: Austria, Cyprus, Ireland, and Malta. Several EU and NATO member states were formerly members of the Warsaw Pact. [3] The EU has its own mutual defence clause in Articles 42(7) and 222 of the Treaty on European Union (TEU) and the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU), respectively.