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The neural encoding of sound is the representation of auditory sensation and perception in the nervous system. [1] The complexities of contemporary neuroscience are continually redefined. Thus what is known of the auditory system has been continually changing.
Volley Theory of Hearing demonstrated by four neurons firing at a phase-locked frequency to the sound stimulus. The total response corresponds with the stimulus. Volley theory states that groups of neurons of the auditory system respond to a sound by firing action potentials slightly out of phase with one another so that when combined, a ...
The study of neural coding involves measuring and characterizing how stimulus attributes, such as light or sound intensity, or motor actions, such as the direction of an arm movement, are represented by neuron action potentials or spikes.
The corresponding train of impulses would contain gaps of 10 ms, 20 ms, 30 ms, 40 ms, etc. Such a group of gaps can only be generated by a 100 Hz tone. The set of gaps for a sound above the maximum neural firing rate would be similar except it would be missing some of the initial gaps, however it would still uniquely correspond to the frequency.
The neural outputs (action potentials) are shown in the upper trace and the stimulus waveform in the lower trace. The neural representation of temporal fine structure, TFS n, has been studied using stimuli with well-controlled TFS p: pure tones, harmonic complex tones, and frequency-modulated (FM) tones.
Place theory is a theory of hearing that states that our perception of sound depends on where each component frequency produces vibrations along the basilar membrane.By this theory, the pitch of a sound, such as a human voice or a musical tone, is determined by the places where the membrane vibrates, based on frequencies corresponding to the tonotopic organization of the primary auditory neurons.
Common coding theory is a cognitive psychology theory describing how perceptual representations (e.g. of things we can see and hear) and motor representations (e.g. of hand actions) are linked. The theory claims that there is a shared representation (a common code) for both perception and action.
Shinn-Cunningham's lab uses a range of techniques to understand neural coding and perception, including psychoacoustics, cortical electroencephalography and magnetoencephalography, functional near-infrared spectroscopy, pupillometry, comparative neuroscience, and computational modeling.