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For centuries, English official public documents have been dated according to the regnal years of the ruling monarch.Traditionally, parliamentary statutes are referenced by regnal year, e.g. the Occasional Conformity Act 1711 is officially referenced as "10 Ann. c. 6" (read as "the sixth chapter of the statute of the parliamentary session that sat in the 10th year of the reign of Queen Anne").
Queen Anne became monarch of the Kingdom of Great Britain after the political union of the Kingdom of England and the Kingdom of Scotland on 1 May 1707. She had ruled England, Scotland, and the Kingdom of Ireland since 8 March 1702. She continued as queen of Great Britain and Ireland until her death. Her total reign lasted 12 years and 147 days.
c. 1022 –1066 King of the English r. 1066: Harthacnut c. 1018 –1042 King of England r. 1040–1042: Harold I Harefoot c. 1015 –1040 King of England r. 1037–1040: Lulach the fool before 1033–1058 King of Alba r. 1057–1058: House of Normandy: William I the Conqueror c. 1028 –1087 King of England r. 1066–1087: Saint Margaret of ...
5 January 1066: Saturday, 6 January 1066 probably at Westminster Abbey: Ealdred, Archbishop of York or Stigand, Archbishop of Canterbury [1] William I - article [a] Nov-Dec 1066: Christmas Day, Monday, 25 December 1066: Ealdred, Archbishop of York [b] Matilda of Flanders: Sunday, 11 May 1068 William II [c] 9 September 1087: Sunday, 26 September ...
This Seat of Mars: War and the British Isles, 1485-1746 (Yale UP; 2011) 332 pages; studies the impact of near unceasing war from the individual to the national levels. Chandler, David G., and Ian Frederick William Beckett, eds. The Oxford history of the British army (Oxford UP, 2003). Cole, D. H and E. C Priestley.
The English monarchy traces its origins to the petty kingdoms of Anglo-Saxon England, which consolidated into the Kingdom of England by the 10th century. Anglo-Saxon England had an elective monarchy, but this was replaced by primogeniture after the Norman Conquest in 1066.
The direct, eldest male line from Henry II includes monarchs commonly grouped together as the House of Plantagenet, which was the name given to the dynasty after the loss of most of their continental possessions, while cadet branches of this line became known as the House of Lancaster and the House of York during the War of the Roses.
Early Scottish monarchs did not inherit the Crown directly; instead, the custom of tanistry was followed, where the monarchy alternated between different branches of the House of Alpin. As a result, however, the rival dynastic lines clashed, often violently. From 942 to 1005, seven consecutive monarchs were either murdered or killed in battle. [79]