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This stimulates an afferent limb which activates central nervous system pathways that in turn exert two different but synergistic autonomic effects on the body. First, global sympathetic outflow is reduced and, second, vagal outflow is increased.
The sympathetic nervous system's primary process is to stimulate the body's fight or flight response. It is, however, constantly active at a basic level to maintain homeostasis. [4] The sympathetic nervous system is described as being antagonistic to the parasympathetic nervous system.
The white ramus communicans (pl.: rami communicantes) from Latin ramus (branch) and communicans (communicating) is the preganglionic sympathetic outflow nerve tract from the spinal cord. Each of the thoracic, and the first and second lumbar nerves contribute a white ramus communicans to the adjoining sympathetic ganglion , unlike the gray rami ...
There is a resultant parasympathetic surge originating in the central nervous system which inhibits the sympathetic outflow. This parasympathetic signal is unable to transmit below the level of the spinal cord lesion and there is a heightened sympathetic response.
The ability of baroreflex activation therapy to reduce sympathetic nerve activity suggests a potential in the treatment of chronic heart failure, because in this condition there is often intense sympathetic activation and patients with such sympathetic activation show a markedly increased risk of fatal arrhythmias and death. [citation needed]
The rostral ventrolateral medulla (RVLM), also known as the pressor area of the medulla, is a part of the ventrolateral medulla in the brainstem responsible for basal and reflex control of sympathetic activity associated with cardiovascular function. [1]
The sympathetic trunk is a fundamental part of the sympathetic nervous system, and part of the autonomic nervous system. It allows nerve fibres to travel to spinal nerves that are superior and inferior to the one in which they originated. Also, a number of nerves, such as most of the splanchnic nerves, arise directly from the trunks.
Sympathetic nervous system, in neurology and neuroscience, a part of the autonomic nervous system; Sympathetic resonance, a harmonic phenomenon wherein a body responds to external vibrations; Sympathetic strings, in music theory, strings on a musical instrument that resonate without contact "Sympathetic", a song by Seether from Disclaimer II