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  2. Hill's muscle model - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hill's_muscle_model

    is the maximum velocity, when = Although Hill's equation looks very much like the van der Waals equation, the former has units of energy dissipation, while the latter has units of energy. Hill's equation demonstrates that the relationship between F and v is hyperbolic. Therefore, the higher the load applied to the muscle, the lower the ...

  3. Power (physics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Power_(physics)

    Power is the rate with respect to time at which work is done; it is the time derivative of work: =, where P is power, W is work, and t is time.. We will now show that the mechanical power generated by a force F on a body moving at the velocity v can be expressed as the product: = =

  4. Motor constants - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motor_constants

    The inverse relationship between force per unit current and of a linear motor has been demonstrated. To translate this model to a rotating motor, one can simply attribute an arbitrary diameter to the motor armature e.g. 2 m and assume for simplicity that all force is applied at the outer perimeter of the rotor, giving 1 m of leverage.

  5. Newton's laws of motion - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newton's_laws_of_motion

    Newton's laws are often stated in terms of point or particle masses, that is, bodies whose volume is negligible. This is a reasonable approximation for real bodies when the motion of internal parts can be neglected, and when the separation between bodies is much larger than the size of each.

  6. Equations of motion - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Equations_of_motion

    There are two main descriptions of motion: dynamics and kinematics.Dynamics is general, since the momenta, forces and energy of the particles are taken into account. In this instance, sometimes the term dynamics refers to the differential equations that the system satisfies (e.g., Newton's second law or Euler–Lagrange equations), and sometimes to the solutions to those equations.

  7. Torque - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Torque

    When a force F is applied to the particle, only the perpendicular component F ⊥ produces a torque. This torque τ = r × F has magnitude τ = | r | | F ⊥ | = | r | | F | sin θ and is directed outward from the page. A force applied perpendicularly to a lever multiplied by its distance from the lever's fulcrum (the length of the lever arm ...

  8. Stokes' law - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stokes'_law

    If correctly selected, it reaches terminal velocity, which can be measured by the time it takes to pass two marks on the tube. Electronic sensing can be used for opaque fluids. Knowing the terminal velocity, the size and density of the sphere, and the density of the liquid, Stokes' law can be used to calculate the viscosity of the fluid. A ...

  9. Velocity - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Velocity

    From this derivative equation, in the one-dimensional case it can be seen that the area under a velocity vs. time (v vs. t graph) is the displacement, s. In calculus terms, the integral of the velocity function v(t) is the displacement function s(t). In the figure, this corresponds to the yellow area under the curve.