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The Saho represent about 4% of the population of Eritrea as of 2021. [12] A 2012 estimate placed the Saho-speaking population of Ethiopia at 37,000. [13] According to Ethnologue, there are approximately 220,000 total Saho speakers as of 2015. Most are concentrated in Eritrea with the remainder inhabiting Ethiopia.
The Irob people (Ge'ez: ኢሮብ ʾirōb, also spelled Erob) are an ethnic group who live in a predominantly highland, mountainous area by the same name in Eritrea and Ethiopia. They speak the Saho language. Most of them profess the Catholic Christian religion and are mostly farmers.
Saho is spoken natively by the Saho people.Traditionally, they inhabit the territory in Eritrea bounded by the bay of Erafayle (ዓራፋሊ) in the east, the Laacasi Gade (ላዐሲ ጋደ) valleys in the south, and the Eritrean highlands to the west (the Shimejana district on the eastern flank of the South- or Debub region in what was formerly known as Akele Guzai province).
Ethiopia's population is highly diverse, containing over 80 different ethnic groups. Most people in Ethiopia speak Afro-Asiatic languages, mainly of the Cushitic and Semitic branches. The former includes the Oromo and Somali, and the latter includes the Amhara and Tigray. Together these four groups make up three-quarters of the population.
Flag of Kunama people: A Horizontal tricolour of black, red and white with a flower in the white stripe. Flag of Saho people: A Horizontal tricolour of black (top), white and black with a 5-pointed star in the canton. Flag of Kafficho people: A Horizontal tricolour of red, yellow and blue.
Doba (Amharic: ዶባ, Afar: Dobaq) also known as the Country of Dobas was a historical Muslim region in central modern Ethiopia. [1] Historian Fesseha Berhe associates Doba with the Saho people. [2] Historian John Trimingham argues that the people of Doba were of Afar stock. [3] The people of Doba are considered extinct today. [4]
The Afar language is spoken by ethnic Afars in the Afar Region of Ethiopia, as well as in southern Eritrea and northern Djibouti. However, since the Afar are traditionally nomadic herders, Afar speakers may be found further afield. Together, with the Saho language, Afar constitutes the Saho–Afar dialect cluster.
The organization was founded in 1984, during the Eritrean War of Independence, and played a significant role in the struggle against Ethiopian rule. [4] The SPDM was formed as a response to the marginalization of the Saho people by the Eritrean People's Liberation Front (EPLF), the main liberation movement at the time. [5]