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A Stanford torus interior (cutaway view) Interior view of a large scale O'Neill cylinder, showing alternating land and window stripes. A space settlement (also called a space habitat, spacestead, space city or space colony) is a settlement in outer space, sustaining more extensively habitation facilities in space than a general space station or spacecraft.
Interior of a Stanford torus, painted by Donald E. Davis Collage of figures and tables of Stanford Torus space habitat, from Space Settlements: A Design Study book. Charles Holbrow and Richard D. Johnson, NASA, 1977. The Stanford torus is a proposed NASA design [1] for a space settlement capable of housing 10,000 to 140,000 permanent residents. [2]
An O'Neill cylinder (also called an O'Neill colony, or Island Three) is a space settlement concept proposed by American physicist Gerard K. O'Neill in his 1976 book The High Frontier: Human Colonies in Space. [1] O'Neill proposed the colonization of space for the 21st century, using materials extracted from the Moon and later from asteroids. [2]
A space habitat (or habitation module) in a basic sense is any facility providing shelter and fulfilling habitational purposes in outer space. It is not to be confused with an extended space settlement , an arrangement of or infrastructure for multiple habitation facilities, in the sense of a space settlement.
Max Space unveiled its “infinitely expandable” design at the 39th Space Symposium on Tuesday, ... The first Max Space habitat is scheduled to launch aboard a SpaceX rocket in 2026, ...
Example layout for an Island One-type Bernal sphere. In a series of studies held at Stanford University in 1975 and 1976 with the purpose of speculating on designs for future space colonies, Dr. Gerard K. O'Neill proposed Island One, a modified Bernal sphere with a diameter of only 500 m (1,600 ft) rotating at 1.9 RPM to produce a full Earth artificial gravity at the sphere's equator.
J. D. Bernal (1901–1971) inventor of the Bernal sphere, a space habitat design; Rolf Wideröe (1902–1996) filed for a patent on a particle storage ring design during World War II [84] Krafft Ehricke (1917–1984) rocket engineer and space colonization advocate; John S. Lewis, wrote about the resources of the Solar System in Mining the Sky
Like other space habitat designs, the Bishop Ring would spin to produce artificial gravity by way of centrifugal force. The design differs from the classical designs produced in the 1970s by Gerard K. O'Neill and NASA in that it would use carbon nanotubes instead of steel, allowing the habitat to be built much larger.