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For both of these rules of thumb (85%/90% and major minus pitch), the tap drill size yielded is not necessarily the only possible one, but it is a good one for general use. The 85% and 90% rules works best in the range of 1 ⁄ 4 –1 in (6.4–25.4 mm), the sizes most important on many shop floors. Some sizes outside that range have different ...
One aspect of this method of sizing is that the size increment between drill bits becomes larger as bit sizes get smaller: 100% for the step from 1/64 to 1/32, but a much smaller percentage between 1 47/64 and 1 3/4. Drill bit sizes are written as irreducible fractions. So, instead of 78/64 inch, or 1 14/64 inch, the size is noted as 1 7/32 inch.
where is the tap drill size, is the major diameter of the tap (e.g., 10 mm for a M10×1.5 tap), and pitch is the pitch of the thread (1.5 mm in the case of a standard M10 tap) and so the correct drill size is 8.5 mm. This works for both fine and coarse pitches, and also produces an approximate 75% thread.
A 10.5 mm brad point drill bit. The brad point drill bit (also known as lip and spur drill bit, and dowel drill bit) is a variation of the twist drill bit which is optimized for drilling in wood. Conventional twist drill bits tend to wander when presented to a flat workpiece.
The metric screw tap and clearance sizes are largely missing, and those clearance hole sizes that are present are more often incorrect; e.g. M5 x 0.8 has 5.1 mm as close fit, but this would be an interference fit, all sources have 5.3 mm. (0.1 mm is below the sum of surface roughness and tolerance of the screw and clearance drill diameter ...
So a 1⁄2 in (12.7 mm) diameter drill will be able to drill a hole 4 1⁄2 in (114.3 mm) deep since it is nine times the diameter in length. A 1⁄8 in (3.2 mm) diameter drill can drill a hole 1 5⁄8 in (41.3 mm) deep since it is thirteen times the diameter in flute length[citation needed]