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The distinction between the meaning of the terms citizenship and nationality is not always clear in the English language and differs by country. Generally, nationality refers a person's legal belonging to a country and is the common term used in international treaties when referring to members of a state; citizenship refers to the set of rights and duties a person has in that nation. [2]
This applies whether they are children of Portuguese citizens living abroad at the time of their birth (for example, in 2021, there were 87,073 Portuguese nationals born in France, the overwhelming majority of Portuguese descent [16] [17] [18]) or foreign-born individuals who have acquired Portuguese citizenship through naturalization (359,506 ...
Naturalization (or naturalisation) is the legal act or process by which a non-national of a country acquires the nationality of that country after birth. [1] The definition of naturalization by the International Organization for Migration of the United Nations excludes citizenship that is automatically acquired (e.g. at birth) or is acquired by declaration.
A citizenship test is an examination, written or oral, required to achieve citizenship in a country. It can be a follow up to fulfilling other requirements such as spending a certain amount of time in the country to qualify for applying for citizenship. [1] Some North American countries where they exist are the United States and Canada.
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Uniquely, citizenship of the Vatican City is jus officii, namely on the grounds of appointment to work in a certain capacity in the service of the Holy See. It usually ceases upon cessation of the appointment. Citizenship is also extended to the spouse and children of a citizen, provided they are living together in the city. [8]
An oath of citizenship is an oath taken by immigrants that officially naturalizes immigrants into citizens. It is often the final step in this process, and is usually done in a ceremonial capacity. It is often the final step in this process, and is usually done in a ceremonial capacity.
Jus sanguinis (English: / dʒ ʌ s ˈ s æ ŋ ɡ w ɪ n ɪ s / juss SANG-gwin-iss [1] or / j uː s-/ yooss -, [2] Latin: [juːs ˈsaŋɡwɪnɪs]), meaning 'right of blood', is a principle of nationality law by which nationality is determined or acquired by the nationality of one or both parents.