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The Inca army (Quechua: Inka Awqaqkuna) was the multi-ethnic armed forces [1] used by the Tawantin Suyu to expand its empire and defend the sovereignty of the Sapa Inca in its territory. [2] Thanks to the military mit'a, as the empire grew in size and population, so did the army, reaching 200,000 men in a single army (during the reign of Huayna ...
The Inca state had no separate judiciary or codified set of laws. While customs, expectations, and traditional local power holders did much in the way of governing behavior, the state, too, had legal force, such as through tukuy rikuq (lit. "he who sees all"), or inspectors. The highest such inspector, typically a blood relation to the Sapa ...
The Inca referred to their empire as Tawantinsuyu, [14] "the suyu of four [parts]". In Quechua, tawa is four and -ntin is a suffix naming a group, so that a tawantin is a quartet, a group of four things taken together, in this case the four suyu ("regions" or "provinces") whose corners met at the capital.
The Incas were most notable for establishing the Inca Empire which was centered in modern-day South America in Peru and Chile. [1] It was about 4,000 kilometres (2,500 mi) from the northern to southern tip. [2] The Inca Empire lasted from 1438 to 1533. It was the largest Empire in America throughout the Pre-Columbian era. [1]
As the surplus of food dropped, the elite's power began to fail – by 1000 AD, Tiwanaku had disappeared. The land was not inhabited again for many years, [13] but the Tiwanaku approach to empire and military expansion was to be critical as a precursor of the Inca empire.
Manco Inca left Cusco on April 18, 1536 after securing Hernando Pizarro's approval to conduct religious ceremonial activities in the Yucay Valley and return with gold. [11] Instead, Manco went to Lares and conducted a meeting with Inca military chiefs and warriors, over ceremonial chicha, to discuss and finalize siege and rebellion plans. [11]
With the help of its Armada, conquistadors, muskets and smallpox, the Spanish Empire conquered and virtually eradicated the Aztec and Inca empires. Naturally, the conquerors sent their plunder home.
The Colla–Inca War was a military conflict fought between the Inca Empire and the Colla Kingdom between 1445 and 1450. [1] It is one of the first wars of conquest led by Pachacuti. [2] The Colla chiefdom was a powerful polity in the altiplano area, covering a large territory. [3]