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Watersheds of Illinois is a list of basins or catchment areas into which the State of Illinois can be divided based on the place to which water flows.. At the simplest level, in pre-settlement times, Illinois had two watersheds: the Mississippi River and Lake Michigan, with almost the entire State draining to the Mississippi, except for a small area within a few miles of the Lake.
The State of Illinois created a drainage commission for the Chicago area in 1852 to deal with a potentially contaminated city water supply. [2] The commission made the master drainage plan in 1856. The master drainage plan was centered around raising the city by 3m and constructing new sewers that drained into the river and not the lake.
The canal was in part built as a sewage treatment scheme. Prior to its opening in 1900, sewage from the city of Chicago was dumped into the Chicago River and flowed into Lake Michigan. The city's drinking water supply was (and remains) located offshore, and there were fears that the sewage could reach the intake and cause serious disease ...
With the development of the Illinois Waterway to provide for a standardized inland shipping connection between Calumet Region and the Mississippi River, 160 feet (49 m) passing sidings were built along the canal every three miles in 1936. [2] However, the primary purpose of the Cal-Sag remained to drain sewage and stormwater away from the lake.
The Illinois side includes Henry County, Mercer County, and Rock Island County. [4] In extreme northwestern Illinois the Driftless Zone, a region of unglaciated and therefore higher and more rugged topography, occupies a small part of the state. Charles Mound, located in this region, is the state's highest elevation above sea level.
Illinois' ecology is in a land area of 56,400 square miles (146,000 km 2); the state is 385 miles (620 km) long and 218 miles (351 km) wide and is located between latitude: 36.9540° to 42.4951° N, and longitude: 87.3840° to 91.4244° W, [1] with primarily a humid continental climate.
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As of 2007, wind energy represented only 1.7% of Illinois's energy production, and it was estimated that wind power could provide 5–10% of the state's energy needs. [ 173 ] [ 174 ] Also, the Illinois General Assembly mandated in 2007 that by 2025, 25% of all electricity generated in Illinois is to come from renewable resources .