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The carry step of the multiplication can be performed at the final stage of the calculation (in bold), returning the final product of 45 × 256 = 11520. This is a variant of Lattice multiplication . The modern method of multiplication based on the Hindu–Arabic numeral system was first described by Brahmagupta .
The basic algorithm, as best exemplified in a 2 • 2 multiplication problem, is as follows (where t represent a tens digit, u represent a units digit, and T symbolizes the tens digit multiplied by its respective power): Step 1 = (t 1 - u 1) • u 2 = A Step 2 = u 1 • t 2 = B Step 3 = (u 1 • u 2) + t (u 1 • u 2) = C
A multiplication algorithm is an algorithm (or method) to multiply two numbers. Depending on the size of the numbers, different algorithms are more efficient than others. Numerous algorithms are known and there has been much research into the topic.
In mathematics, a multiplication table (sometimes, less formally, a times table) is a mathematical table used to define a multiplication operation for an algebraic system. The decimal multiplication table was traditionally taught as an essential part of elementary arithmetic around the world, as it lays the foundation for arithmetic operations ...
Using the multiplication tables embedded in the rods, multiplication can be reduced to addition operations and division to subtractions. Advanced use of the rods can extract square roots. Napier's bones are not the same as logarithms, with which Napier's name is also associated, but are based on dissected multiplication tables.
The grid method (also known as the box method) of multiplication is an introductory approach to multi-digit multiplication calculations that involve numbers larger than ten. Because it is often taught in mathematics education at the level of primary school or elementary school , this algorithm is sometimes called the grammar school method.