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Jewish cemetery in Holešov, Moravia. Two Jews were killed in a pogrom in the town. Two Jews were killed in a pogrom in the town. After World War I and during the formation of Czechoslovakia , a wave of anti-Jewish rioting and violence was unleashed against Jews and their property, especially stores.
The Jewish population of Bohemia and Moravia (117,551 according to the 1930 census) was virtually annihilated. Many Jews emigrated after 1939; approximately 78,000 were killed. By 1945, some 14,000 Jews remained alive in the Czech lands. [5] Approximately 144,000 Jews were sent to Theresienstadt concentration camp. Most inmates were Czech Jews.
The first anti-Jewish laws in Czechoslovakia were imposed following the 1938 Munich Agreement and the German occupation of the Sudetenland. In March 1939, Germany invaded and partially annexed the rest of the Czech lands as the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia. More anti-Jewish measures followed, imposed mainly by the Protectorate ...
The main instrument of anti-Jewish policy in 1933–1935 was anti-Jewish legislation. [10] On April 7, 1933, the Law for the Restoration of the Professional Civil Service was adopted, which ordered the dismissal of all non- Aryan officials, with rare exceptions. Anyone who had at least one Jewish ancestor was considered a non-Aryan. [11]
Anti-Jewish laws have been a common occurrence throughout Jewish history. Examples of such laws include special Jewish quotas , Jewish taxes and Jewish "disabilities" . Some were adopted in the 1930s and 1940s in Nazi Germany and Fascist Italy and exported to the European Axis powers and puppet states .
Anti-Jewish laws were passed in 1940 and 1941, depriving Jews of their property via Aryanization and redistributing it to Slovaks viewed by the regime as more deserving. [ 6 ] [ 7 ] The Slovak State organized the deportation of 58,000 of its own Jewish citizens to German-occupied Poland in 1942, which was carried out by the paramilitary Hlinka ...
A government-in-exile continued to exist in London, supported by the United Kingdom, United States and their Allies; after the German invasion of Soviet Union, it was also recognized by the Soviet Union. Czechoslovakia adhered to the Declaration by United Nations and was a founding member of the United Nations.
This section, written by Anne L. Bloch, gives a history of all anti-Jew laws passed by the Nazis starting in April 1933 and extending throughout the war. These laws were based on what the "Aryan Man" deemed right or wrong, and since Jews were considered a "legal wrong" they had to be eliminated. [1]