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The structure of gas-phase molecular GeCl 2 shows that it is a bent molecule, as predicted by VSEPR theory. [5] The dioxane complex, GeCl 2 ·dioxane, has been used as a source of molecular GeCl 2 for reaction syntheses, as has the in situ reaction of GeCl 4 and Ge metal. GeCl 2 is quite reactive and inserts into many types of chemical bonds. [6]
[1] [2] [3] Introduced by Gilbert N. Lewis in his 1916 article The Atom and the Molecule, a Lewis structure can be drawn for any covalently bonded molecule, as well as coordination compounds. [4] Lewis structures extend the concept of the electron dot diagram by adding lines between atoms to represent shared pairs in a chemical bond.
Dichlorine monoxide (Cl 2 O) is a brownish-yellow gas (red-brown when solid or liquid) which may be obtained by reacting chlorine gas with yellow mercury(II) oxide. It is very soluble in water, in which it is in equilibrium with hypochlorous acid (HOCl), of which it is the anhydride.
Chlorine dioxide is a chemical compound with the formula ClO 2 that exists as yellowish-green gas above 11 °C, a reddish-brown liquid between 11 °C and −59 °C, and as bright orange crystals below −59 °C. It is usually handled as an aqueous solution.
The earliest method of synthesis was to treat mercury(II) oxide with chlorine gas. [3] However, this method is expensive, as well as highly dangerous due to the risk of mercury poisoning. 2 Cl 2 + HgO → HgCl 2 + Cl 2 O. A safer and more convenient method of production is the reaction of chlorine gas with hydrated sodium carbonate at 20–30 ...
Already the skeletal structure, top left, yields the correct oxidation states, as does the Lewis structure, top right (one of the resonance formulas): The bond-order formula at the bottom is closest to the reality of four equivalent oxygens each having a total bond order of 2.
Sn 2+ (aq) + 2 Ag + → Sn 4+ (aq) + 2 Ag (s) A related reduction was traditionally used as an analytical test for Hg 2+ (aq) . For example, if SnCl 2 is added dropwise into a solution of mercury(II) chloride , a white precipitate of mercury(I) chloride is first formed; as more SnCl 2 is added this turns black as metallic mercury is formed.
dichlorine trioxide, Cl 2 O 3 as O−Cl−ClO 2, chlorine (III,V) oxide dichlorine trioxide, Cl 2 O 3 as possible isomer Cl−O−ClO 2, chlorine (I,V) oxide; dichlorine trioxide, Cl 2 O 3 as hypothetical isomer O−Cl−O−Cl−O, chlorine (III) oxide; dichlorine tetroxide, also known as chlorine perchlorate, Cl 2 O 4 or ClOClO 3, chlorine (I ...