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Crystal of potassium alum, KAl(SO 4) 2 ·12H 2 O. An alum (/ ˈ æ l ə m /) is a type of chemical compound, usually a hydrated double sulfate salt of aluminium with the general formula X Al(SO 4) 2 ·12 H 2 O, such that X is a monovalent cation such as potassium or ammonium. [1] By itself, "alum" often refers to potassium alum, with the ...
To achieve a moderate number of medium-sized crystals, a container which has a few scratches works best. Likewise, adding small previously made crystals, or seed crystals, to a crystal growing project will provide nucleating sites to the solution. The addition of only one seed crystal should result in a larger single crystal.
Alunogen (from French alun, "alum"), also called feather alum and hair salt is a colourless to white (although often coloured by impurities, such as iron substituting for aluminium) fibrous to needle-like aluminium sulfate mineral. It has the chemical formula Al 2 (SO 4) 3 ·17H 2 O. [2] [3]
Potassium alum, potash alum, or potassium aluminium sulfate is a chemical compound first mentioned under various Sanskrit names in Ayurvedic medicinal texts such as charak samhita, sushrut samhita, and ashtang hridaya; is chemically defined as the double sulfate of potassium and aluminium, with chemical formula KAl(SO 4) 2.
Silicon crystal being grown by the Czochralski method at Raytheon, 1956. The induction heating coil is visible, and the end of the crystal is just emerging from the melt. The technician is measuring the temperature with an optical pyrometer. The crystals produced by this early apparatus, used in an early Si plant, were only one inch in diameter.
The Kyropoulos method, also known as the KY method or Kyropoulos technique, is a method of bulk crystal growth used to obtain single crystals.. The largest application of the Kyropoulos method is to grow large boules of single crystal sapphire used to produce substrates for the manufacture gallium nitride-based LEDs, and as a durable optical material.
Crystallization is the process by which solids form, where the atoms or molecules are highly organized into a structure known as a crystal.Some ways by which crystals form are precipitating from a solution, freezing, or more rarely deposition directly from a gas.
It uses a flat-bottomed crucible made out of molybdenum with short sidewalls rather than an enclosed ampoule, and has been used to grow various large oxide crystals including Yb:YAG (a laser host crystal), [4] and sapphire crystals 45 cm wide and over 1 meter long. [5]